Topic: Social Issues (Các vấn đề xã hội) | Từ vựng IELTS (IELTS vocabulary) - Bài luyện tập từ vựng chủ đề Social Issues
Bài 1: For each blank in the exercise below, use the words in the brackets as a hint to help you discover the right response.
The Role of Education in the Developing World
Levels of 1._______ [literate] and 2. _______ [number] remain startlingly high in the developing world, and will continue to be so until the West provides or sponsors new education 3. _______ [initiate], preferably also getting directly involved. A better education is a prerequisite should the 4. _______ [poverty] masses of Africa ever wish to hold any genuine hope of gaining their 5. _______ [emancipate] from the metaphorical shackles of poverty. Education 6. _______ [initiate] for young people as well as life-long learning programmes will also help to breach the gulf that separates the working classes from their ruling elite, a 7. _______ [privilege] few who enjoy the 8. _______ [trap] of Western wealth and the lifestyle that goes with it, while those in their midst are completely 9. _______ [occupy] with the daily struggle for survival. Furthermore, we must promote a culture of 10. _______ [tolerate] of corruption, and help to create a new 11. _______ [generate] for whom education rather than an 12. _______ [scruple] nature will reap the true rewards. Education will also help to bridge another gap; that of the cultural one which separates the West from its brethren in the developing world. The 13. _______ [poverty] slums and shanty towns are a hotbed of religious and political 14. _______ [extreme], but hopefully education will serve to create a better sense of 15. _______ [understand] between all the peoples of the world, 16. _______ [respect] of background. And this will especially be the case if the education programmes themselves are administered by Western professionals, who, in much the same way as they can teach a thing or two to their 17. _______ [counter] in the developing world, have also, no doubt, much to learn from them in the process as well. Cooperation between people from the different cultures of the West and the developing world will also, hopefully, help to reduce levels of prejudice, bigotry, xenophobia and racial 18. _______ [tense]. And, last but not by any means least, educating women will 19. _______ [power] them to claim their rightful place in the social hierarchy in up-to-now male-dominated cultures. Their 20. _______ [aspire] can shift realistically higher, and young female students can hope to go on to become tomorrow’s politicians, diplomats and political leaders, or whatever they choose.
Đáp án:
Bài 2: Fill in each blank with the proper word from the list below. Do not alter the form and just use each word once.
Much of the developing world is caught in a(n) 1. ______ of sorts, battling to overcome the psychological and physical scars of the near past – of, in many cases, colonial or 2. ______ rule – while at the same time oddly 3.______ about making the changes necessary to 4. ______ a better future. In many cases, the sums don t add up; large parts of Africa and Latin America, for example, are resource-rich and 5. ______ well-positioned to make their mark in the 21st century, but, alas, there is something holding them back. For some, the source of the problem lies very high up indeed; in corrupt and/or unstable governments, which typically rule for the privileged few while the 6. ______ many struggle on in 7. _______ . Others are ravaged by years or even decades of tribal war and 8. ______, and yet more have simply been the victims of misfortune – the wrath of Mother Nature, for example, which has unleashed drought, famine and, at times, utter 9. ______ on the hapless masses of much of Sub-Saharan Africa over the years.
But, whatever about the 10. _______ causes, the results are as clear as day. A lack of access to education and medical care has left many countries ravaged by diseases by and large under control in the West. Think the AIDS epidemic; that immunity-crippling terminal illness that much of Africa is still struggling to get a handle on. Factors like poor sanitation, malnutrition, poor or a total lack of access to clean water, high rates of violent crime and civil 11. ______ all play their part and contribute to the 12. _______ reality on the ground; high infant 13. _______ rates, low life expectancy, joblessness, substance abuse, 14. _______ , benightedness; the situation for many is dire. Where, in the West, when we talk about poverty, we do so in relative terms, here, poverty is 15. _______. The poverty line is not drawn to distinguish those who can maintain a good standard of living from those struggling to do so, but rather it underlines the difference between life and death; the struggle to exist just long enough to welcome in another tomorrow.
Đáp án:
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