200 Bài tập câu giả định trong Tiếng Anh | Câu giả định (Subjunctive) là gì? - Cách dùng, cấu trúc, phân loại

200 Bài tập câu giả định trong Tiếng Anh | Câu giả định (Subjunctive) là gì? - Cách dùng, cấu trúc, phân loại

Câu giả định (Subjunctive) là gì?

Câu giả định hay câu cầu khiến là không mang tính chất ép buộc như câu mệnh lệnh. Câu giả định nói mong muốn ai đó làm một việc gì đó. Câu giả định có thể tạo thành nhờ các tính từ, động từ cụ thể.

Ví dụ:

- He demands that you be present at the meeting. (Anh ta yêu cầu bạn phải có mặt ở buổi họp.)

- It is necessary that we buy a map before going on a long trip. (Chúng ta cần phải mua 1 tấm bản đồ trước mỗi chuyến đi dài.)

Các cấu trúc câu giả định trong Tiếng Anh

1. Câu giả định với động từ 

S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + O …

Các động từ giả định thường gặp là:

advise - khuyên bảo

demand - đòi hỏi, yêu cầu

prefer - thích hơn, ưa hơn

require - đòi hỏi, yêu cầu

insist - khăng khăng

propose - đề xuất

stipulate - quy định, ra điều kiện

command - ra lệnh, chỉ thị

recommend - giới thiệu, đề cử           

suggest - đề xuất, gợi ý                

decree - ra quy định

order - ra lệnh               

request - yêu cầu, đề nghị

urge - thúc giục.

ask - đòi hỏi, xin, yêu cầu, thỉnh cầu

Ví dụ: 

- He requested that the door be locked at night. (Anh ta yêu cầu là cửa ra vào phải được khóa vào buổi tối)

- The doctor suggests that David stop smoking. (Bác sĩ khuyên David là phải ngừng hút thuốc.)

- My boss ordered that we go to work earlier. (Sếp yêu cầu chúng tôi phải đi làm sớm hơn.)

Lưu ý:

- V1 là động từ giả định, được chia theo thì của câu và chủ ngữ S1

- V2 là động từ nguyên dạng, không phải chia theo S2

2. Câu giả định với tính từ 

It + be + Adj + that + S + V

Các tính từ giả định thường gặp là:

important - quan trọng

necessary - cần thiết, thiết yếu

urgent - khẩn thiết, cấp bách

obligatory - bắt buộc, cưỡng bách

essential - cần thiết

advisable - nên, đáng theo

recommended - được giới thiệu

required - cần thiết, đòi hỏi

mandatory - có tính cách bắt buộc

proposed - được đề nghị, dự kiến              

suggested - giới thiệu             

vital - quan trọng, mang tính sống còn

crucial - chủ yếu, quan trọng

imperative - bắt buộc, cấp bách

Ví dụ: 

- It is mandatory that she rest for a week. (Cô ấy bắt buộc phải nghỉ ngơi trong 1 tuần.)

- It is suggested that we do exercises everyday. (Chúng tôi được khuyên nên tập thể dục mỗi ngày.)

- It is vital that everyone get vaccinated thoroughly. (Ai cũng cần thiết phải được tiêm đầy đủ vaccine.)

Lưu ý:

- Động từ to be được chia theo thì của câu 

- V là động từ nguyên dạng, không phải chia theo S

3. Câu giả định với would rather

3.1. Câu giả định would rather ở hiện tại và tương lai

S1 + would rather (that) + S2 + V_ed/P1

 

Ví dụ:

- I would rather (that) the weather were cooler now. (Tôi mong bây giờ thời tiết mát mẻ hơn.)

- Jerry would rather (that) Tom played games with him. (Jerry mong Tom sẽ chơi game với anh ấy.)

- My parents would rather (that) I studied harder. (Bố mẹ mong tôi học tập chăm chỉ hơn.)

Lưu ý:

- Động từ trong câu ở chia ở thì quá khứ

- Nếu V là to be thì dùng were cho mọi chủ ngữ

- Từ “that” có thể được lược bỏ

3.2. Câu giả định would rather ở quá khứ

S1 + would rather (that) + S2 + had + V_ed/P2

Ví dụ: 

- He would rather (that) she had accepted his proposal. (Anh ấy mong rằng cô ấy đã chấp nhận lời cầu hôn của mình.)

- Tom would rather (that) his boss hadn’t made him work all day. (Tom đã mong rằng sếp không bắt anh ấy làm việc cả ngày.)

- I would rather (that) you had called me before coming here. (Tôi muốn là bạn đã gọi điện thoại cho tôi trước khi bạn tới đây.)

4. Câu giả định với It’s time, It’s high time, It’s about time

It's (high/about) time + S + V_ed/P1

Ví dụ:

- It’s pretty late now, it’s about time I came home. (Bây giờ đã muộn rồi, tôi phải về nhà thôi.)

- He’s been working for 3 days straight, it’s high time he got some rest. (Anh ấy đã làm việc suốt 3 ngày liền. Đến lúc anh ấy phải nghỉ ngơi rồi.)

- We’re having a party this weekend, it’s time we cleaned our house and went shopping. (Cuối tuần này chúng tôi có tổ chức tiệc, bây giờ chúng tôi cần dọn dẹp nhà và đi mua đồ.)

Lưu ý:

- Các cấu trúc it’s (about/high) time = It’s time for sb to do sth: đến lúc ai đó phải làm gì

- Động từ V trong câu giả định với time chia ở thì quá khứ

Bài tập cấu trúc câu giả định

Ex 1. Choose the conrrect answer

1. It is important that you ….. your teeth twice a day.

A. brushed   

B. brushing   

C. bursh   

D. will bursh.

2. My mother would rather that my sister ….. how to play the piano

A. learns    

B. learn   

C. will learn   

D. has learned

3. I would rather I ….. my phone at home yesterday.

A. don’t leave   

B. didn’t leave   

C. haven’t left   

D. hadn’t left

4. It is the time Peter ….. to the doctor.

A. went    

B. go    

C. goes    

D. must go

5. The leader moved that the party ….. moved to next month.

A. be    

B. will    

C. is    

D. was

Đáp án:

1. C

2. B

3. D

4. A

5. A

Ex 2. Choose the conrrect answer

1. Alice asked that all of us ….. her when she travels in Viet Nam.

A. will    

B. are going to visit    

C. visited   

D. visit

2. If this ….. proven right, you would be considered innocent.

A. is    

B. be    

C. was    

D. were

3. The law requires that everyone …… his car checked at least once a month.

A. has    

B. have    

C. will have   

D. had

4. It is a ….. from his doctor that he ….. short trip abroad.

A. suggest/take   

B. suggestion/will take

C. suggest/take    

D. suggestion/take

5. –“What will you do during winter vacation?”

–“I don’t know, but it’s about time I ….. something.”

A. decide    

B. decided    

C. will decide    

D. am deciding

Đáp án:

1.D

2.B

3.B

4.D

5.B

Ex 3. completed sentence

1. It’s a good idea for him _________ (learn) Cantonese.

2. We _________ (suggest) that parents _________ (help) their children to do their homework.

3. I would rather that he _________ (tell) me about his difficulties.

4. It’s about time she _________ (get) a job.

5. It’s important that he _________ (receive) this file before 5 pm.

6. Quan _____ (advise) that we _____ (try) samgyetang when we ______ (come) to Seoul.

7. Son _________ (say) that it’s time _________ (buy) a new washing machine.

8. It’s is _________ (best) that we _________ (have) our foods now.

9. It’s high time you _________ (call) your mother.

Đáp án:

1. to learn

2. suggest – help

3. told

4. got

5. receive

6. advised – sing – come

7. said – to buy

8. better – had

9. to call

Ex 4. Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verb in parentheses. Negative, passive and continuous subjunctive forms are possible.

1. It's important that she ………...(remember) to take her medicine twice a day.

2. I suggest that Frank …………..(read) the directions carefully before assembling the bicycle. He doesn't want the wheels to fall off while he is riding down a hill

3. Mrs. Finkelstein demanded that the heater …………..(repair) immediately. Her apartment was freezing.

4. It's vital that the United States………….. (focus) on improving its public education system. What we do now will affect our country for generations to come.

5. The monk insisted that the tourists ………..(enter) the temple until they had removed their shoes.

Đáp án:

1. remember

2. read

3. be repaired

4. focus

5. not enter

Ex 5. Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verb in parentheses. Negative, passive and continuous subjunctive forms are possible.

1. I am not going to sit here and let her insult me. I demand that she immediately …………...(apologize) for what she just said.

2. Judy asked that we………….. (attend) her graduation ceremony next week.

3. Was it really necessary that……………. (sit) I there watching you the entire time you were rehearsing for the play? - It was really boring watching you repeat the scenes over and over again.

4. It is important to remember that Janine …………..(think) very differently from you. She may not agree to the changes you have made in the organization of the company.

5. It's a little difficult to find the restaurant. I propose that we all ………...(drive) together so that nobody gets lost along the way.

Đáp án:

1. apologize

2. attend

3. be sitting

4. thinks

5. drive

Ex 6. Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

1. Alice didn't get a good grade. She wishes she (work) ............. harder.

2. Tom likes football very much. He wishes he (become) ............. a professional football player.

3. He was running very fast when he had a heart attack. If only he (not/run)....... so fast.

4. She's keen on computers. She wishes she (study)..... computer science next school year.

5. I am sorry I don’t know how to use the computer. If only I (know) ........ how to use it.

Đáp án:

1. had worked

2. became

3. hadn't run

4. studied

5. knew

Ex 7. Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

1. I stayed late at work and missed the last bus. I wish I (stay) ......... at work late

2. I wish I ....... (talk) to him yesterday.

3. I need help badly. If only you ..........(can) help me.

4. My old car often breaks down. I wish I ...........(buy) a new car.

5. He didn't pass the exam. If only he ..........(work) hard.

Đáp án:

1. had not stayed

2. had talked

3. could

4. bought

5. had worked

Ex 8. Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

1. She was absent. I wish she (attend).......... the conference.

2. What a beautiful house! I wish I ...........(have) a house like this one.

3. I wish I ........ (be) rich. I would buy a farm and enjoy the calm of the countryside.

4. They had that bad accident because they were careless. If only they.......(be) more careful.

5. We saw the film. I wish you .......... (see) it with us. It was an amazing evening.

6. I like traveling around the world. If only I .......... (have) time to realize my dream.

Đáp án:

1. had attended

2. had

3. were

4. had been

5. had seen

6. had

Ex 9. Choose the best option to complete these following sentences

1. It is necessary that he _______ the books.

A. find    

B. doesn't find    

C. don't find   

D. did not find

2. It has been proposed that we _______the topic

A. to change    

B. change   

C. changed    

D. changing

3. It has been proposed that we _______ the topic.

A. do not change   

B. didn't change    

C. not change    

D. are not change

4. I’d rather you______ home now.

A. going    

B. go    

C. went    

D. gone

5. He acts as if he ________English perfectly.

A. know   

B. knew    

C. have known   

D. had known

Đáp án:

1.A

2.B

3.A

4.C

5.B

Ex 10. conjugate the verbs in the brackets

1. He suggested that I ____________ ready by eight o'clock. (to be)

2. We request that she ___________ the window. (to open)

3. They recommended that he ____________ to Bermuda. (to fly)

4. The request that we ____________ ready to leave at six is a nuisance. (to be)

5. It is necessary that you ____________ able to come with us. (to be)

6. It is important that he ____________ everything he can. (to learn)

7. The demand that she _____________ the report has been carried out. (to complete)

Đáp án:

1. Be

2. Open

3. Fly

4. Be

5. Be

6. Learn

7. Complete

Ex 11: Rewrite the following sentences

Question 1: Please don’t tell anyone about it.

=> I’d rather you_______________________________________________

Question 2: I would prefer you deliver the sofa this afternoon.

=> I’d rather you______________________________________________

Question 3: “Why don’t you ask her yourself?”

=> My friend suggests that_______________________________________

Question 4: She urged her husband to apply for the post in the government.

=> She urged that her husband____________________________________

Question 5: They insisted on my coming early.

=> They insisted that____________________________________________

Question 6: An accountant has to master computer science

=> It is necessary that___________________________________________

Question 7: It is time for us to leave now.

=> It’s time we________________________________________________

Question 8: What a pity! Your sister can’t come with us.

=> If only____________________________________________________

Question 9: Everyone find it important for us to do something to save the environment.

=> It is important that we_________________________________________

Question 10: Michael lost his job last month, so he couldn’t buy a car.

=> If Michael__________________________________________________

Question 11: He regrets applying for the job in that company.

=> He wishes___________________________________________________

Question 12: The headmaster insists on every schoolgirl’s wearing Ao Dai every Monday.

=> The headmaster insists that_______________________________________

Question 13: They advise her to eat less meat and fat to keep herself healthy.

=> It is advisable that she__________________________________________

Question 14: Naturally, a child had better respect his parents.

=> It is natural that_______________________________________________

Question 15: He needs to come to the interview early.

=> It is necessary that_____________________________________________

Question 16: She must find it important to take two medicines every day.

=> It is important that_____________________________________________

Question 17: It is too late. He must go home.

=> It’s high time he_______________________________________________

Question 18: Every student must wear uniform. It is obligatory.

=> It is obligatory that_____________________________________________

Question 19: They recommended her to go to the best doctor in town.

=> They recommended that she______________________________________

Question 20: The man demanded to be told everything about the accident.

=> The man demanded that everything________________________________

Question 21: Her GP advised her to do more exercise.

=> Her GP suggested_____________________________________________

Question 22: The Prime Minister was asked very forcefully to consider resigning.

=> They demand_________________________________________________

Question 23: If I were her, I would look for a job that is not so stressful.

=> I recommend__________________________________________________

Question 24: She asked him to fix the computer.

=> She requested__________________________________________________

Question 25: Sandra wanted the post office to hold onto her mail.

=> Sandra asked__________________________________________________

Question 26: The judge told the lawyer to be quiet.

=> The judge insisted_______________________________________________

Question 27: My supervisor said it would be a good idea for me to accept this new position.

=> My supervisor suggested_________________________________________

Question 28: I have always regretted not having studied harder at school.

=> I have always wished_________________________________________

Question 29: "Give me a refund," John told the clerk.

=> John demanded________________________________________________

Question 30: "Could you help me move some boxes," Tom asked me.

=> Tom asked____________________________________________________

Đáp án:

Question 1: I’d rather you didn’t tell anyone about it.

Question 2: I'd rather you delivered the sofa this afternoon.

Question 3: My friend suggests that I (should) ask her myself.

Question 4: She urged that her husband apply for the post in the government.

Question 5: They insisted that I come early.

Question 6: It is necessary that an accountant master computer science.

Question 7: It’s time we left now. 

Question 8: If only your sister could come with us.

Question 9: It is important that we do something to save the environment.

Question 10: If Michael hadn’t lost his job last month, he could have bought a car.

Question 11: He wishes he hadn’t applied for the job in that company.

Question 12: The headmaster insists that every schoolgirl wear Ao Dai every Monday.

Question 13: It is advisable that she (should) eat less meat and fat to keep herself healthy.

Question 14: It is natural that a child should respect his parents.

Question 15: It is necessary that he come to the interview early.

Question 16: It is important that she take two medicines every day.

Question 17: It’s high time he went home. 

Question 18: It is obligatory that every student wear uniform. 

Question 19: They recommended that she go to the best doctor in town.

Question 20: The man demanded that everything about the accident (should) be told.

Question 21: Her GP suggested that she (should) do more exercise.

Question 22: They demanded that the Prime Minister (should) resign.

Question 23: I recommend that she (should) look for a job that is not so stressful.

Question 24: She requested that he fix the computer.

Question 25: Sandra asked that the post office hold onto her mail. 

Question 26: The judge insisted that the lawyer be quiet. 

Question 27: My supervisor suggested that I (should) accept this new position.

Question 28: I have always wished that I had studied harder at school.

Question 29: John demanded that the clerk give him a refund. 

Question 30: Tom asked that I help him (to) move some boxes.

Ex 12: Give the correct forms of the verbs in the blankets.

Question 1: Some managers require that the secretary (be)______responsible for writing

all reports as well as for balancing the books.

Question 2: It is essential that cancer (diagnose)______and treated as early as possible in

order to assure a successful cure.

Question 3: It was suggested that Oscar (study)______the material more carefully before

attempting to pass the exam.

Question 4: It is imperative that a graduate student (maintain)______a grade point average

of “B” in his major field.

Question 5: It is necessary that one (meet)______with a judge before signing the final

documents for a divorce.

Question 6: I bet she wishes that she never (get)______involved in the whole mess.

Question 7: I'd rather you (not say)______anything to John about this conversation.

Question 8: I would rather you (not get)______to school so late last Tuesday.

Question 9: I wish Paul worked as hard as Mary (do)______.

Question 10: John left without a word. If only he (say)______something.

Question 11: It has been raining for days now. I wish it (stop)______soon.

Question 12: Frankness is a great thing, but I'd rather you (not repeat)______to Miss White

what I think about her.

Question 13: I left my office at four because I was sure Mr. Andrews wouldn't come. Now I

wish I (wait)______for him.

Question 14: I'm afraid very few people know about the concert and almost no one will

come. If only the posters (hang)______on time.

Question 15: Jack, the security guard at the factory, wishes the robbery (not occur) ______on his shift.

Question 16: The fans proposed that they (stand)______there when G-Dragon gets off the plane.

Question 17: It is recommended the candidate (take)______as many IELTS mock tests as

possible before going for the real exam, which costs nearly $250.

Question 18: The board of executives requested every employee (come)______to the

meeting this weekend.

Question 19: We suggested that you (admit)______to the organization.

Question 20: It is imperative that you (be)______ready when the car comes for you.

Question 21: Olga recommends that his brother (not take)______the job without reading the work contract thoroughly.

Question 22: I wish I (be)______able to accept that role, but I was preparing for another

play at the time.

Question 23: What a pity I was away! If only the fax (reach)______me an hour earlier.

Question 24: The situation was a little embarrassing when Mary served roast beef for

dinner. I wish I (tell)______her that Nick was a vegetarian.

Question 25: If only we (know)______about this service before!

Question 26: I'd rather you (tell)______me the truth now.

Question 27: I'd rather you (buy)______the tickets before they are all sold out.

Question 28: I wish I (have)______time to see more exhibitions.

Question 29: I'm really sleepy today. I wish I (not have to take)______Bob to the airport late

last night.

Question 30: I'd rather you (not be)______absent from the meeting yesterday. Things might

have been different.

Question 31: Frankly, I'd rather you (not do)______anything about it for the time being.

Question 32: Tom has never been to Madrid, but he talks as if he (be)______there himself.

Question 33: I didn't see anyone but I felt as though I (watch)______.

Question 34: The children sing loudly as if they (be)______the winners.

Question 35: You talk as though it (be)______a small thing to leave your country forever.

Question 36: Everybody feels sorry for him and says that if only he (spend)______ more

time revising.

Question 37: He looks as though he (never get)______a square meal in his life, but in fact

his wife feeds him very well.

Question 38: If only he (tell)______us the truth in the first place, things wouldn't have gone so wrong.

Question 39: It is high time for us (think)______about choosing a place to settle down.

Question 40: The doctor advised that the man (transfer)______to a private room.

Đáp án:

Question 1: be/should be

Question 2: be diagnosed

Question 3: (should) study

Question 4: maintain

Question 5: meet

Question 6: had never got 

Question 7: didn’t say

Question 8: hadn’t got

Question 9: does

Question 10: had said

Question 11: would stop

Question 12: didn’t repeat

Question 13: had waited

Question 14: had been hung

Question 15: hadn’t occurred

Question 16: be standing  

Question 17: (should) take

Question 18: come/to come

Question 19: be admitted

Question 20: be

Question 21: (should) not take

Question 22: had been

Question 23: had reached

Question 24: had told

Question 25: had known

Question 26: told

Question 27: bought

Question 28: had/had had

Question 29: hadn’t had to take

Question 30: hadn’t been

Question 31: didn’t do

Question 32: had been

Question 33: were being watched

Question 34: were

Question 35: were

Question 36: had spent

Question 37: never got

Question 38: had told

Question 39: to think

Question 40:(should) be transferred

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