Topic: Films - Bài mẫu IELTS Speaking Part 1
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Avoid là gì? | Cấu trúc, cách dùng Avoid - Bài tập vận dụng
Avoid là gì?
Trong từ điển tiếng Anh, avoid được xếp vào nhóm ngoại động từ thể hiện ý nghĩa là tránh, né, tránh xa một điều gì đó mà bản thân không muốn thực hiện hoặc không tốt cho bản thân. Ví dụ:
- Jill is avoiding me (Jill đang tránh mặt tôi).
- He avoids drinking as much alcohol as he can (Anh ấy tránh uống rượu hết mức có thể).
- They broke up a week ago, so now she always avoids him (Họ vừa chia tay một tuần trước, nên giờ chị ấy luôn tránh mặt anh ta).
Cấu trúc với avoid trong tiếng Anh
Công thức của cấu trúc avoid như sau:
Avoid + Noun/pronoun/V-ing
Ví dụ:
- I don’t know why, but Jimmy is trying to avoid everyone in the department (Tôi không biết tại sao, nhưng Jimmy đang cố gắng tránh mặt mọi người trong phòng ban).
- Tina is losing weight, so she avoids fast food and fried food (Tina đang giảm cân, vì thế chị ấy tránh đồ ăn nhanh và đồ chiên rán).
- Quinn seems to avoid visiting her parents (Quinn có vẻ né tránh việc đến thăm bố mẹ của cô ấy).
Cách sử dụng cấu trúc avoid
1. Trường hợp 1: Né tránh thực hiện hành động nào đó hoặc tránh xa ai đó
Một số ví dụ cụ thể:
- Chris doesn’t like kids, he always avoids going to the entertainment park. (Chris không thích trẻ con, cậu ấy luôn tránh đến công viên giải trí)
- Do you think Sarah is avoiding me? (Bạn có nghĩ Sarah đang tránh mặt tôi không?)
- Because her teeth are hurting, she avoids eating ice cream. (Bởi răng cô ấy đang bị đau, nên cô ấy tránh ăn kem)
2. Trường hợp 2: Né tránh một việc, sự kiện xấu xảy ra
Một số ví dụ cụ thể:
- Understanding different viewpoints is a good start toward avoiding conflict. (Thấu hiểu các quan điểm khác nhau là một khởi đầu tốt cho việc tránh được mâu thuẫn)
- I told Nick to leave the bar early to avoid fighting with some guys. (Tôi dặn Nick rời khỏi quán bar sớm để tránh đánh nhau với một số cậu trai)
- To avoid car accidents, we should not drive too fast. (Để tránh tai nạn ô tô, chúng ta không nên lái xe quá nhanh)
3. Một số lưu ý khi sử dụng cấu trúc Avoid
Trong ngữ pháp tiếng Anh, động từ của cấu trúc avoid được chia theo chủ ngữ và thì của câu. Ví dụ:
- I stay away from Stewie’s dog to avoid being bitten by it (Tôi tránh xa con chó của Stewie để tránh bị nó cắn).
- Quagmire always avoids his ex-girlfriends (Quagmire luôn tránh mặt bạn gái cũ của anh ta).
Ngoài ra, cấu trúc avoid luôn đi cùng các danh từ, đại từ hoặc động từ thêm đuôi ing (V-ing), và không bao giờ đi cùng một động từ nguyên mẫu có “to” (to V). Ví dụ:
- Nam took the other way to avoid seeing Mary → Đúng (Nam đi theo hướng khác để tránh gặp Mary). Trường hợp sai: Nam took the other way to avoid to see Mary → Sai.
Phân biệt avoid và prevent
| Tiêu chí | Avoid | Prevent |
| Về cấu trúc | Avoid + Noun/ Pronoun/ V-ing |
Prevent + someone + FROM something/Ving (cần có FROM) hoặc Prevent something |
| Về ý nghĩa | Tránh xa ai đó hoặc cái gì đó | Ngăn điều gì đó xảy ra hoặc ai đó làm điều gì đó |
| Về cách dùng | Tránh 1 sự việc đã và đang xảy ra rồi. (nói về quá khứ và hiện tại) | Ngăn chặn 1 sự việc chưa xảy ra (dự đoán tương lai) |
Bài tập vận dụng cấu trúc avoid
Bài 1. Điền vào chỗ trống động từ “Avoid” hoặc “Prevent” sao cho phù hợp:
1. Children should ______ walking in the mud.
2. It is the teacher duty to ______ his students making mistakes.
3. You ought to ______ drinking that water, it’s unsafe.
4. ______ Mr. Robinson. He has a bad reputation.
5.The authorities are doing their best to ______ accidents.
6. How did you manage to ______ getting wet in the rain?
7. You can ______ falling sick if you are careful.
8. She ______ his eyes, but she could not ___________ hom looking at her.
Đáp án
1. avoid
2. prevent
3. avoid
4. avoid
5. prevent
6. avoid
7. avoid
8. avoided - prevented
Bài 2. Viết lại câu sử dụng cấu trúc Avoid
1. Please don’t think I’m trying to evade my responsibility.
→ Please
2. Roman tried to dodge his military service.
→ Roman
3. Lucy doesn’t want to run away from difficult decisions.
→ Lucy
4. Try not to eat foods which contain a lot of fat.
→ Try to
5. Ronald has never been one to shrink from a challenge.
→ Ronald
Đáp án
1. Please don’t think I’m trying to avoid my responsibility.
2. Roman tried to avoid his military service.
3. Lucy doesn’t want to avoid difficult decisions.
4. Try to avoid eating foods which contain a lot of fat.
5. Ronald has never been one to avoid a challenge.
Bài 3. Điền “Avoid” hoặc “Prevent” phù hợp vào chỗ trống trong các câu sau
1. To ______ the traffic jam, we decided to take another route.
2. Jack would have joined the army if an injury had not ______ him.
3. Nothing would ______ him from speaking out against injustice.
4. Why do you ___________ seeing Lana at school?
5. It’s not easy for group members to _________ conflicts all the time.
6. His disability ______ him from driving.
7. My mom tries to ______ going shopping on Saturdays because the stores are so crowded.
8. Do you think Sandy is ______ me? I haven’t seen him for a month.
9. The police _________ them from parking their car here yesterday.
10. Johnson doesn’t like kids. He always _______ going to the entertainment park.
11. Children should ______ walking in the dark.
12. It is the teacher's duty to ______ her students from talking in class.
13. By staying at home he manages to _____ all contact with strangers.
14. Judy kept ____ my eyes.
15. The authorities are doing their best to ______ accidents.
16. He tried to _____ paying his taxes and was taken to court.
17. I left early to _____ the rush hour.
18. Certain foods should be ______ during pregnancy.
Đáp án
1. avoid
2. prevented
3. prevent
4. avoid
5. avoid
6. prevents
7. avoid
8. avoiding
9. prevented
10. avoids
11. avoid
12. prevent
13. avoid
14. avoiding
15. prevent
16. avoid
17. avoid
18. avoided
Bài 4: Điền avoid hoặc prevent vào chỗ trống
1. Helena wants to _______ her boyfriend from playing dangerous games.
2. Our club is trying to _______ everyone from using plastic.
3. Why does Halley _______ seeing her friend at school?
4. Jack is always _______ going to the cinema.
5. How did your sister manage to _______ getting wet in the rain?
6. Do you think Nicky is _______ me?
7. My mother tries to _______ going shopping on Sunday.
8. They want to ______ speaking to her.
9. The government took steps to ______ inflation.
10. Anna’s just ______ having to go back to work.
11. Your best friend can ______ him from attending the meeting.
12. There’s nothing to ______ me from copying her idea.
13. Has she been trying to ______ you?
14. We’re sorry to ______ you from seeing her.
15. We managed to ______ learning Math for a long time.
Đáp án:
|
1. prevent |
2. prevent |
3. avoid |
4. avoid |
5. avoid |
|
6. avoiding |
7. avoid |
8. avoid |
9. prevent |
10. avoiding |
|
11. prevent |
12. prevent |
13. avoid |
14. prevent |
15. avoid |
Bài 5: Viết lại câu sử dụng cấu trúc avoid hoặc prevent
1. You should not visit your relatives today because of the coming earthquake.
2. Why don’t they talk to you at the office?
3. Lily chose another way to go because of the traffic jam.
4. My brother is trying to keep her from playing tennis.
5. Alex couldn’t eat more biscuits because his sister said no.
6. The market is so crowded that we can’t move.
7. Study English harder if she doesn’t want to, her mother complained.
8. I can’t tell them about the detailed information due to privacy.
9. I can’t drink too much coffee because my sister said no.
10. Henry doesn’t think she should go too far because it’s going to be dark soon.
Đáp án:
1. You should avoid visiting your relatives today because of the coming earthquake.
2. Why do they avoid seeing you at the office?
3. To avoid the traffic jam, Lily chose another way to do it.
4. My brother wants to prevent her from playing tennis.
5. Alex’s sister prevented him from eating more biscuits.
6. The crowded market prevents us from moving.
7. Study English harder if she wants to avoid her mother complaining.
8. The privacy prevents me from telling them the detailed information.
9. My sister prevented me from drinking too much coffee.
10. Henry thinks the darkness will prevent her from going too far.
Bài 6: Viết lại câu sử dụng Avoid/Prevent
1. B could have stop the accident from moving to therethen -> The accident could have been……
2. Tom could have stop therethen from moving to the accident. -> The accident could have been…….
3. Fishermen should not go to the sea today because of the coming storm -> Fishermen should……..
4. I chose another road to go to because there was a traffic jam -> ….,I chose another road to do
Đáp án
1. The accident could have been prevented by B
2. The accident could have been avoided by driving carefully.
3. Fishermen should avoid going to the sea today because of the coming storm
4. To avoid the traffic jam, I chose another road to do
Bài 7: Viết lại các câu sau, sử dụng cấu trúc avoid
1. Work harder if you don’t want to lose your job.
2. I think you should not go to the beach this weekend because of the coming storm.
3. Why don’t you talk to me today? Are you mad at me?
4. I usually don’t take the main road home because there are always traffic jams.
5. need contract terms or there will be conflict between employer and employees.
6. I nevers smoke in public because it may cause discomfort for other people.
7. You need to listen to me carefully if you don’t want to misunderstand.
8. I stay away from John’s dog because I don’t want to get bitten.
9. He never stays up late because he doesn’t want to be late for work the next day.
10. She rarely eats spicy foods because she has stomach pain.
Đáp án:
1. Work harder if you want to avoid losing your job.
2. I think you should avoid going to the beach this weekend because of the coming storm.
3. Why do you avoid talking to me today? Are you mad at me?
3. I usually don’t take the main road home to avoid the traffic jams.
4. We need contract terms to avoid conflict between employer and employees.
5. I avoid smoking in public because it may cause discomfort for other people.
6. To avoid misunderstanding, you need to listen to me carefully.
7. I stay away from John’s dog to avoid being bitten.
8. He nevers stays up late to avoid being late for work the next day.
9. She avoids spicy foods because she has stomach pain.
Bài 8: Chia dạng đúng của các động từ trong ngoặc
1. My mom told me to avoid (stay) up late.
2. Nina (avoid) kids because she doesn’t want to be disturb.
3. I don’t want to be drunk so I always try (avoid) drinking alcohol at parties.
4. As an environmentalist, I am trying to prevent people from (use) plastic.
5. My mom wants to (prevent) me from playing violent games.
6. His headache may prevent him from (play) football this afternoon.
7. I don’t know why he always (avoid) me like plague.
8. Why did you avoid (answer) my question?
9. My mom advises me not to go out at night to (avoid) dangers.
10. He has tried different ways to avoid (be nervous) before the examination.
Đáp án:
1. Staying
2. Avoids
3. To avoid
4. Using
5. Prevent
6. Playing
7. Avoids
8. Answering
9. Avoid
10. Being nervous
Bài 9: Viết lại câu với cấu trúc avoid:
1. She didn’t look at him because she was embarrassed.
2. He took a different route to avoid the heavy traffic.
3. I don’t eat junk food to stay healthy.
4. She always tries not to make eye contact with him.
5. They decided not to go to the party because they didn’t want to see their ex.
Đáp án:
1. She avoided looking at him because she was embarrassed.
2. He avoided the heavy traffic by taking a different route.
3. I avoid junk food to stay healthy.
4. She always tries to avoid making eye contact with him.
5. They decided to avoid the party because they didn’t want to see their ex.
Bài 10: Điền từ Avoid hoặc Prevent vào chỗ trống trong các câu sau:
1. To reduce the risk of injury, it is important to __________ any activities that put excessive
strain on your muscles.
2. The new safety measures were designed to __________ accidents at the construction
site.
3. She tried to __________ discussing politics at family gatherings to avoid heated
debates.
4. Regular exercise can __________ many health problems and improve overall well-
being.
5. The doctor advised him to __________ smoking in order to improve his lung health.
6. They took immediate action to __________ the spread of the virus within the community.
7. The company is working on new policies to __________ data breaches and protect
customer information.
8. To ensure a smooth presentation, he __________ arriving late and made sure he was
well-prepared.
9. Wearing sunscreen can __________ skin damage caused by UV rays.
10. They __________ taking the old road because it was known for frequent accidents and
heavy traffic.
Đáp án:
1. avoid
2. prevent
3. avoid
4. prevent
5. avoid
6. prevent
7. prevent
8. avoid
9. prevent
10. avoid
Xem thêm các tài liệu Tiếng Anh hay, chi tiết khác:
- Cấu trúc Find out | Định nghĩa, cấu trúc, cách dùng và bài tập vận dụng
- Cấu trúc It's high time | Định nghĩa, cách dùng, bài tập vận dụng
- Cấu trúc want | Want to, Want - Ving | Định nghĩa, cách dùng và bài tập vận dụng
- Từ hạn định | Định nghĩa, phân loại, cách dùng và bài tập
- Would you mind | Định nghĩa, cấu trúc, cách dùng và bài tập vận dụng
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