Spend là gì? | Định nghĩa, cấu trúc, cách sử dụng Spend - Các thành ngữ về Spend - Bài tập vận dụng

Spend là gì? | Định nghĩa, cấu trúc, cách sử dụng Spend - Các thành ngữ về Spend - Bài tập vận dụng

Spend là gì?

Spend là một động từ mạnh nghĩa là “tiêu xài, sử dụng, dành cái gì đó (thường là thời gian và tiền bạc)”. Ví dụ:

• I spent 100 dollars on a gift for my girlfriend (Tôi dành 100 dollar để mua quà cho bạn gái)
• Nam spends 45 minutes waking in the park every morning (Nam dành 45 phút để đi bộ trong công viên mỗi buổi sáng)

Cách sử dụng cấu trúc Spend

1. Cấu trúc Spend đi với danh từ

Cấu trúc Spend với danh từ mang ý nghĩa là chi bao thứ gì vào điều gì: Cấu trúc:

S + spend + Something + on + N

Ví dụ:

• She spends a lot of money on jewels (Cô ấy dành rất nhiều tiền cho trang sức)
• How long does his Son spend on his homework? (Con trai anh ấy dành bao nhiêu thời gian cho bài tập về nhà?)

2. Cấu trúc Spend đi với động từ

Cấu trúc Spend với động từ mạng ý nghĩa là chi bao nhiêu thứ gì vào việc gì. Cấu trúc:

S + spend + Something + Ving

Ví dụ:

• Nam spends a lot of time cleaning his classroom (Nam dành rất nhiều tiền để dọn dẹp phòng học của mình)
• Lan has spent all her money shopping already (Lan đã tiêu hết sạch tiền của cố ấy cho việc mua sắm)

Phân biệt cấu trúc Spend với những cấu trúc tương đương (It take, Waste)

1. Cấu trúc It take

It take được sử dụng nhằm chỉ khối lượng thời gian cần thiết đối với một đối tượng nào đó đã được thực hiện, hoàn thành một công việc nhất định.  

Cấu trúc:

It take/took (Somebody) + time + to do something

(Ai đó mất bao nhiêu thời gian để làm việc gì đó)

Ví dụ: 

• It take me year to learn play piano (Nó tốn 1 năm để tôi chơi piano)
• It takes us twenty minutes to walk to the school (Nó tốn 20 phút để chúng tôi đến trường học)

2. Cấu trúc Waste

Cấu trúc waste khá giống với Spend nhưng nó lại mang ý nghĩa khác. Cấu trúc Waste dùng để chỉ sự lãng phí.

Cấu trúc với danh từ:

S + waste(s) + something + “on” + N

 (Ai đó lãng phí cái gì đó vào việc gì.)

Ví dụ:

• Lan wates 100$ on a new dress (Lan lãng phí 100 đô vào chiếc váy mới của cô ấy)

Cấu trúc với động từ:

S + waste(s) + something + (“on”) + V-ing

(Lãng phí thời gian tiền bạc để làm gì)

Ví dụ:

• You shouldn’t waste too much time playing computer games (Bạn không nên lãng phí quá nhiều thời gian để chơi điện tử)

3. Cách viết lại câu với cấu trúc Spend

Do cấu trúc Spend và It Take có ý nghĩa tương đương nhau nên chúng ta có thể viết lại câu giữa hai cấu trúc này. Đây là bài tập cực kỳ phổ biến khi ta học tiếng Anh. Ta có thể biến đổi qua lại giữa hai cấu trúc như sau:

S + Spend + something + Ving/N…

=> It takes + somebody + something + to Vinf…

Ví dụ:

• Dat spent hours trying to repair the car => It took Dat hours to try to repair the car (Đạt dành nhiều giờ để sửa chữa chiếc xe).

Cấu trúc Spend trong các thành ngữ thông dụng

Bài tập cấu trúc Spend có đáp án chi tiết

Bài 1: Điền Spend, waste, it takes vào chỗ trống:

1. Why ______money on jewels you don’t need?

2. He returned to his room, eager to _____ the day drawing.

3. We won’t ______ our life being a monster!

4. _______ time to gain weight just as________ time to lose it.

5. His excellent cooking will _______ on those who do not appreciate it.

6. _______ ten or more people to cause a quarrel, one cannot blame an argument entirely on the other side.

7. It looks like she’ll have to accept your invitation to ______ the night, but she’ll pay you as soon as she gets her things.

8. Why _________ time beating around the bush?

9. We have to _______ the night, because of the head injury.

10. She could _________ the rest of my life with him.

Đáp án:

1. waste 

2. spend 

3. spend 

4. It takes – it takes 

5. be wasted

6. it takes 

7. spend 

8. waste 

9. spend 

10. spend

Bài 2: Viết lại các câu sau:

1. Nam spent lots of time doing this experiment.

=>  It …………………………………………………………………….

2. It took Huy all morning to prepare for lunch.

=> I  …………………………………………………………….

3. John spent three days visiting VN.

=> It ……………………………………………………………..

4. It took his daughter three years to study at this college.

=> My son spent …………………………………………………..

5. Trung spends two hours doing his homework every day.

=> It ……………………………………………………………

Đáp án:

1. It took Nam lots of time to do this experiment.

2. Huy spent all the morning preparing for lunch.

3. It took John three days to visit VietNam.

4. His daughter spent three years studying at this college.

5. It takes Trung two hours each day to do his homework.

Bài 3: Viết lại câu

1. He spent lots of time doing this experiment.

⟹ It …………………………………………………………………….

2. It took me all the morning to prepare for lunch.

⟹ I spent …………………………………………………………….

3. Anna spent three days visiting VN.

⟹ It took ……………………………………………………………..

4. It took my son three years to study in this college.

⟹ My son spent …………………………………………………..

5. I spend two hours doing my home work everyday.

⟹ It takes ……………………………………………………………

6. They spent ten days painting this house.

⟹ It …………………………………………………………………….

7. Last week , she spent 2 days tidying her room.

⟹ It …………………………………………………………………….

8. They used to go to school in half an hour.

⟹ It …………………………………………………………………….

⟹ They ……………………………………………………………….

9. We often spend 30 minutes reviewing our lesson before class.

⟹ It …………………………………………………………………….

10. It took him twelve hours to fly from Hanoi to London.

⟹ He …………………………………………………………………..

Đáp án

1. I spent all the morning preparing for lunch.

2. It took Anna three days to visit VietNam.

3. My son spent three years studying in this college.

4. It takes me two hours each day to do my homework.

5. It took them ten days to paint this house.

6. It took her two days to tidy her room.

7. It took them half an hour to go to school.

8. They spent half an hour going to school.

9. It takes us 30 minutes to review our lesson before class.

10. He spent twelve hours flying from Hanoi to London.

Bài 4: Chọn ý đúng

1. My father often … 8 hours a day working in the factory.

A. Spends

B. Spent

2. You should not … The whole day on computer games.

A. To waste

B. Waste

3. Jim spends a little time … His homework.

A. On

B. In

4. Girls often waste hours … Buying one pair of shoes.

A. On

B. In

5. How long did you spend on …?

A. Doing your housework

B. To do your housework

6. My sister always … Money on clothes.

A. Waste

B. Wastes

Đáp án:

1. A

2. B

3. A

4. B

5. A

6. B

Bài 5: Dựa vào những từ đã cho dưới đây để viết thành 1 câu hoàn chỉnh đúng ngữ pháp.

1. last night/ information/ the/ collect/ she/ 3.5 hours/ necessary/ spend/ all.

--> _______________________________________________________________ .

2. salary/ betting/ quarter/ James/ of/ monthly/ on/ waste/ usually/ football/ his/ a.

--> _______________________________________________________________ .

3. program/ Mr. Harding/ yesterday/ a/ locate/ in/ error/ take/ day/ to/ half/ the/ it/ the.

--> _______________________________________________________________ .

4. spend/ hang out/ friends/ go shopping/ a lot of/ she/ with/ usually/ and/ time/ her.

--> _______________________________________________________________ .

5. ride/ waste/ yesterday/ for/ bus station/ she/ all day/ her/ at/ wait/ the.   

--> _______________________________________________________________ .

6. Preservation/ money/ spend/ the government/ on/ are/ forest/ more.

--> _______________________________________________________________ .

7. lesson preparation/ take/ it/ every day/ review/ 30 minutes/ them/ to/ their.

--> _______________________________________________________________ .

8. money/ don’t/ sometimes/ they/ waste/ they/ on/ things/ need.

--> _______________________________________________________________ .

Đáp án:

1. She spent 3.5 hours last night to collecting the necessary information.

2. James usually waste a quarter of his monthly salary on football betting.

3. It took Mr. Harding half a day yesterday to locate the error in the program.

4. She usually spends a lot of time going shopping and hanging out with her friends.

5. She wasted all day yesterday at the bus station waiting for her ride.

6. The government are spending more money on forest preservation.

7. It takes them 30 minutes every day to review their lesson preparation.

8. They sometimes waste money on things they don’t need.

Bài 6: Viết lại câu

Ex: It took them 20 minutes to walk to the train station.

--> They spent 20 minutes walking to the train station.

1. Last week, they spent 3 days repainting the house.

--> Last week, it_____________________________________________________ .

2. It took her a full day at the book shop to search for the book she was looking for only to find out that it was sold out.

--> She wasted _____________________________________________________ .

3. It took us approximately 3 days to get to the lake.

--> We ____________________________________________________________ .

4. I usually spend 15 minutes at the beginning of each shift turning up the machinery.

--> It takes _________________________________________________________ .

5. My family spent the whole afternoon preparing for my grandfather’s birthday.

--> _______________________________________________________________ .

Đáp án:

1. Last week, it took us 3 days to repaint the house.

2. She wasted a full day at the book shop searching for the book she was looking for only to find out that it was sold out.

3. We spent approximately 3 days getting to the lake.

4. It usually takes me 15 minutes at the beginning of each shift to turn up the machinery.

5. It took my family the whole afternoon to prepare for my grandfather’s birthday.

Bài 7: Từ các câu trả lời có trong ô trống, chọn đáp án đúng 

1. It  took spent  him an hour to find all the necessary information for the essay.

2. He  took spent  most of his time in college in developing a new search engine. 

3. It usually  spends takes  the department several days to work out a solution for a problem.

4. Tom  took spent  half a million dollars on gambling last year. 

5. It will  take  at least 2 days for the transaction to process.

6. They  took spent  a fortune on this business but ended up failing because of the pandemic.

7. He  took spent  most of his career on the completion of the equation. 

8. Thanks to the efforts of the fire fighters, the fire finally  spent took  itself. 

Đáp án:

1. took

2. spent

3. takes

4. spent

5. take 

6. spent 

7. spent 

8. spent 

Bài 8: Viết lại các câu sau đây.

Ex: It took me nearly 3 days to completely clean up the mess in the storage.

--> I spent nearly 3 days to completely clean up the mess in the storage.

1. It took nearly 3 days for the setup team to complete the preparation for the event.

--> _____________________________________________________________________

2. The manager often spends 20 minutes before each shift to review the work schedule.

--> _____________________________________________________________________

3. It usually takes her 20 minutes each day to put her makeup on.

--> _____________________________________________________________________

4. It took me almost a week to finish that book.

--> _____________________________________________________________________

5. They spent their whole week identifying the problem in the production line.

--> _____________________________________________________________________

Đáp án:

1. The setup team spent nearly 3 days to complete the preparation for the event.

2. It often takes the manager 20 minutes before each shift to review the work schedule.

3. She usually spends 20 minutes each day putting her makeup on.

4. I spent almost a week finishing that book. 

5. It took them their whole week to identify the problem in the production line.

Bài 9: Khoanh tròn vào ô có đáp án đúng

1. How often do you … money on luxury items?

A. spend      B. spends      C. spending     D. spent

2. She never … much time on social media.

A. spends B. spend C. spending D. spent

3. How long does it … you to decide what to wear?

A. take B. takes C. spend D. spends

4. They … too much time watching television.

A. spends B. spent C. spend D. spending

5. How much time do you … preparing for a meeting?

A. spend B. takes C. take D. spending

6. He … a small fortune on that car last year.

A. spent B. spend C. spends D. spending

Đáp án:

1. A

2. A

3. A

4. C

5. A

6. A

Bài 10: Viết lại câu dùng cấu trúc phù hợp

1. I usually use about an hour to read the news.

2. My brother uses three hours a day to work out.

3. It requires her forty minutes to commute from home to office.

4. They needed the whole Sunday to clean the garage.

5. Our family requires a significant sum annually on vacation.

Đáp án:

1. I spend about an hour reading the news.

2. My brother spends three hours a day working out.

3. It takes her forty minutes to commute from home to office.

4. They spent the whole Sunday cleaning the garage.

5. Our family spends a significant sum annually on vacation.

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