Tân ngữ (Object) là gì? | Phân loại - Hình thức - Bài tập vận dụng về Tân ngữ

Tân ngữ (Object) là gì? | Phân loại - Hình thức - Bài tập vận dụng về Tân ngữ

Tân ngữ trong tiếng Anh là gì?

Tân ngữ trong tiếng Anh (Object) là những từ/ cụm từ đứng sau động từ chỉ hành động để chỉ đối tượng bị tác động bởi chủ ngữ.

Mục đích của Object dùng đủ làm rõ ý nghĩa của động từ trong câu, giúp ý nghĩa của câu được truyền đạt cụ thể và chính xác nhất.

Ví dụ cụ:

• Nana is painting his window (Nana đơn sơn lại cửa sổ của anh ấy).
• Alex bought a flower (Alex đã mua một bông hoa).

Phân loại tân ngữ trong tiếng Anh

Một số hình thức của tân ngữ trong tiếng Anh bạn nên biết

1. Danh từ/ cụm danh từ

Tân ngữ trong tiếng Anh có thể là danh từ. Danh từ đó đóng vai trò là tân ngữ trực tiếp hoặc gián tiếp. Ngoài ra, một số danh từ tập hợp cũng có thể đóng vai trò như một tân ngữ trong tiếng Anh.

2. Đại từ nhân xưng

Các đại từ nhân xưng dưới đây đóng vai trò là tân ngữ trong tiếng Anh. Đôi khi những từ này còn là bổ ngữ, không được là chủ ngữ. Ví dụ:

3. Tính từ

Khi tính từ được dùng như danh từ tập hợp thì sẽ được đóng vai trò là tân ngữ trong câu. Ví dụ cụ thể như:

• You should help the poor (Bạn nên giúp đỡ người nghèo).
• The song is sung by the young (Bài hát được hát bởi những người trẻ tuổi).

4. Danh động từ/ động từ nguyên thể

Tân ngữ trong câu có thể là danh động từ (những từ có nguồn gốc từ động từ và có cấu trúc V-ing).

Ví dụ:

• Young people like going to vibrant places (Những người trẻ tuổi thích đến những nơi sôi động).
• Quang Anh enjoys reading books when he has free time (Quang Anh thích đọc sách khi rảnh rỗi).

Tân ngữ trong câu còn có thể là một số động từ nguyên thể. Các từ này đứng sau những động từ dạng V + to V. Một số từ sau:

Ví dụ:

• My class agree to keep silent in math subject (Lớp tôi đồng ý giữ im lặng trong môn toán).
• I seem to know more about him than anyone else (Tôi dường như biết nhiều về anh ấy hơn bất kỳ ai khác).

Đặc biệt, trong tiếng Anh còn có một số động từ mà theo sau những từ đó có thể là động từ nguyên mẫu/ động từ V-ing với ý nghĩa không thay đổi:

Ví dụ:

• I begin cleaning the garden after 9:00 am (Tôi bắt đầu dọn dẹp khu vườn sau 9:00 sáng).
• I begin to clean the garden after 9:00 am (Tôi bắt đầu dọn dẹp khu vườn sau 9:00 sáng).

5. Cụm từ hoặc mệnh đề

Tân ngữ trong tiếng Anh còn có thể là một cụm từ hoặc một mệnh đề nào đó. Ví dụ: 

• She doesn’t know what to do now (Cô ấy không biết phải làm gì bây giờ).
• My teacher shows her how the machine works (Giáo viên của tôi chỉ cho cô ấy cách máy hoạt động).

Bài tập vận dụng về tân ngữ trong tiếng Anh

Bài 1: Điền đại từ thích hợp thay thế cho danh từ trong ngoặc vào chỗ trống:

1. ……….is singing. (Lan Anh)

2. ……….is black and pink. (the motorbike)

3. ………. are on the bookshelves. (the comics)

4. ………. is eating carrots. (the rabbit)

5. ………. are cooking lunch. (my mom and dad)

6. ………. are in the garage. (the cars)

7. ………. is riding her motorbike. (Hoa)

8. ………. is from Vietnam. (Tien)

9. ………. has a younger sister. (Minh)

10. Have ………. got a bike, Anna?

Đáp án:

1 – She is singing.

2 – It is black and pink.

3 – They are on the bookshelves.

4 – It is eating carrots.

5 – They are cooking lunch.

6 – They are in the garage.

7 – She is riding her motorbike.

8 – He is from Vietnam.

9 – He has a younger sister.

10 – Have you got a bike, Anna? 

Bài 2: Viết đại từ tân ngữ tương ứng cho các từ sau

1. I →

2. You →

3. We →

4. They →

5. He →

6. She →

7. It →

Đáp án:

1. I → me

2. You → you

3. We → us

4. They → them

5. He → him

6. She → her

7. It → it

Bài 3: Chuyển các câu sau thành dạng câu bị động

1. The dentist checked my tooth carefully.

2. Who did they give the 1st prize to?

3. The Math teacher sent him out of the classroom.

4. Somebody stole Janet's car last week.

5. Has anyone collected the trash yet?

6. You must wash colored clothes separately.

7. People plant a lot of trees every year.

8. Langmaster will teach you English for free.

9. They are building a new library at the moment. 

10. You must repair this washing machine.

Đáp án:

1. My tooth was checked carefully by the dentist.

2. Who was the 1st prize given to?

3. He was sent out of the classroom by the math teacher.

4. Janet's car was stolen last week.

5. Was the trash collected yet?

6. Colored clothes must be washed separately.

7. A lot of trees are planted every year.

8. You'll be taught English for free by Langmaster.

9. A new library is being built at the moment.

10. This washing machine must be repaired.

Bài 4: Xác định tân ngữ có trong các câu sau

1. Henry will feed some fishes to the cat.

2. Tien is in love with Tien.

3. I lent my brother my car.

4. My dad cooked dinner last night.

5. Have you received my e-mails?

6. Do you know where Thomas went?

7. I often buy comic books.

8. Langmaster teaches you English for free.

9. Lazy people don’t like walking. 

10. We must help the poor and the homeless. 

Đáp án:

1. fishes, the cat

2. Tien

3. my brother, my car

4. my e-mails

5. dinner

6. where Thomas went

7. comic books

8. you, English

9. walking

10. the poor and the homeless

Bài 5: Xác định đại từ tân ngữ chính xác trong mỗi câu sau đây. 

1. Please make (I, me) an ice cream sundae.
2. Ask (he, him) and his wife if they’d like a soda.
3. Can Rory join (we, us) on our trip?
4. We should hire (she, her) for the job.
5. I never want to see (he, him) again.
6. You can sit with Andrew and (I, me).

Đáp án:

1. Me
2. Him
3. Us
4. Her
5. Him
6. Me

Bài 6: Chọn đáp án đúng (A, B, C, hoặc D) trong mỗi câu dưới đây? 

1. Mary wants to talk to __________ about your homework.

1. Him
2. Her
3. You
4. Them

2. The plate shattered when John dropped __________ on the floor.

1. Him
2. Her
3. Them
4. It

3. Be careful; he lied to __________ before and he may do it again.

1. Us
2. It
3. We
4. They

4. Where are Jill and Cherie? Didn’t you invite __________?

1. Us
2. Them
3. They
4. Her

5. The spider bit __________ on my ankle.

1. You
2. Me
3. Her
4. It

6. I heard that Jeremy was cut from the team just because Tyler doesn’t like __________.

1. Him
2. Her
3. It
4. Them

7. The bread is stale. You can feed __________ to the birds.

1. Them
2. It
3. Him
4. Her

8. The movie was hilarious! We really liked __________.

1. Him
2. Them
3. Her
4. It

Đáp án: 

1. C

2. D

3. A

4. B

5. B

6. A

7. B

8. D

Bài 7: Chọn đáp án đúng: 

1. This is Sam. I go to school with _____.

1. he
2. him

2. _____ are going into town.

1. Us
2. We

3. Why are you looking at _____?

1. me
2. I

4. _____ goes to bed at nine o'clock.

1. Her
2. She

5. This is Tom's trumpet. _____ plays it every day.

1. He
2. Him

6. These are my hamsters. Do you like _____?

1. they
2. them

Đáp án: 

1. B
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B

Bài 8: Điền đại từ tân ngữ phù hợp vào chỗ trống

1. I don’t know what to do. Please, help………….. .
2. Rebecca is my best friend. I trust…………. .
3. Who are you? Do I know………… ?
4. We can help. Tell………….. what the problem is.
5. Who are those people? Ask………….. and tell me, please.
6. On my birthday mum makes a big cake for……… and our family.
7. Mark is a bad boy. Stay away from……………
8. My room is very small so I can clean……………. every weekend.
9. Lily and Natasha are my classmates. I like…………..
10. We are in the backyard. You can see…………… from your bedroom
    window.
11. Steve is my sister’s friend and I like…………….
12. It’s Grandmother’s Day today. I think your grandma will be happy if you visit………… tonight.
13. Tom and Mary often come to my house. They visit ……….. almost every Saturday.
14. My friend is on holiday now. I text……………… every day.
15. Look at this bird on our drive. It looks ill. Don’t touch………….
16. They are in trouble. The police are following………….
17. I’m thirsty. Give……………. some water, please.
18. My sister is so annoying. I’m not talking to…………….. today.

Đáp án:

Bài 9: Điền đại từ tân ngữ phù hợp vào chỗ trống

1.  I love my parents and they love………… very much.
2. Tom buys books for the girl at the bookshop. He visits………….. every week.
3. Sylvia feeds his cat. She cares about…………
4. My grandfather takes his grandson to school. He drives………. in his car.
5.  I enjoyed the magazine that Tom lent…………. last Friday.
6. Mr Jimmy always wears a hat because he likes…………
7. The students listened to Susan because they liked…………..
8. Tom drove the car that his uncle gave……….. for his birthday.
9. Please, turn off the computer, It’s disturbing………….. a lot.
10. Jimmy spent the weekend in London. He enjoyed……… with some friends.
11. Caroline has bought a present for Fernando, but she hasn’t sent………. yet.
12. The English teacher is giving a question but some students aren’t listening to……….
13.  Hana helps her sister a lot, she often helps…………. with the homework.
14. Alice is hungry, so she is eating a chicken hamburger. She loves………..
15. Cheating is a bad habit. I hate……………
16. My dad often kisses me when he comes home. He talks to……….. after dinner.
17. Tom met my boyfriend and I at the cinema. Then, he invited……… for a dinner.
18. Elisabeth corrects my mistakes. That is good for………… and I’m grateful for that.
19. Walter plays the guitar well. His parents are happy with……….
20. The medicine tasted horrible. I didn’t want to drink………….

Đáp án:

Bài 10: Điền đại từ tân ngữ: “me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them”

1. Who is that woman? Why are you looking at…………?
2. Do you know that man? Yes, I work with…………
3. I am talking to you. Please listen to…………
4. These photos are nice. Do you want to look at…………?
5. I like that camera. I am going to buy…………
6. I don’t know who Peter’s girlfriend is. Do you know…………?
7. . Where are the tickets? I can’t find…………
8. We are going to the disco. Can you come with …………?
9. I don’t like dogs. I’m scared of…………
10. Where is she? I want to talk to…………
11. Those apples are bad. Don’t eat…………
12. I don’t know this girl. Do you know…………?
13. Alan never drinks milk. He doesn’t like…………
14. Where are the children? Have you seen…………?
15. I can’t find my pencil. Can you give one to…………?

Đáp án:

Bài 11: Điền đại từ tân ngữ thích hợp

1. John can’t do his homework. Can you help…………?
2.  We don’t know how to go to the cinema. Can you help…………?
3.  I can’t find my books. Can you see…………?
4. John, can you come to…………?
5. This pen is for Mary. Give it to…………?
6. I need help. Please, help…………?
7. The boys are playing football. Give…………the ball.
8. We are hungry. Bring………… the sandwiches, please.
9. Father is in the living room. Bring………… the book.
10. These flowers are a present for my mother. Please, give………… to…………. 

Đáp án:

Bài 12: Viết lại các câu dưới đây sử dụng đại từ tân ngữ:

Câu 1: The teacher is explaining the lesson to the students.

The teacher is explaining _____ to _____.

Câu 2: I gave the keys to my brother.

I gave _____ to _____.

Câu 3: They sent a letter to my parents.

They sent a letter to _____.

Đáp án:

Câu 1: The teacher is explaining the lesson to them.

Students ở đây là danh từ số nhiều, thuộc ngôi ba số nhiều, chuyển về đại từ tân ngữ sẽ là them.

Câu 2: I gave the keys to him. 

“Brother” có nghĩa là anh trai, vậy nếu tường thuật lại câu nói với một người khác thì đại từ tân ngữ ở đây sẽ là “him”

Câu 3: They sent a letter to them.

Tương tự câu 1, parent là danh từ số nhiều (chỉ hai người), người học sử dụng them trong trường hợp này.

Bài 13: Chuyển câu chủ động thành câu bị động

1. He washed his car yesterday.
2. Who did they give the 1st prize to?
3. The math teacher gave us a lot of homework.
4. Somebody stolen Jance’s shoes.
5.  Has anyone cut a paper yet?
6. You must wash colored clothes separately.
7. People throw waste into the environment every day.
8. Lan receive support money evey month.
9. They are building a new building at the moment.
10. You must repair this washing machine.

Đáp án:

1. His car was washed  by him yesterday.
2.  Who was the 1st prize given to?
3. We were given a lot of homework by math teacher.
4. Jance’s shoes was stolen.
5. Was the paper cut yet?
6.  Colored clothes must be washed separately.
7. Waste  throw into the environment.
8. Support money is received by Lan.
9. New building is being built at the moment.
10.  This washing machine must be repaired.

Bài 14: Sắp xếp lại các câu

1. him/ Nina/ know/ not/ does
2. give/ message/ will/ her/ the/ I
3. help/ I/ may/ you
4. the/ game/ with/ watch/ can/ me/ you 
5. us/ visit/ going/ to/ they/ are

Đáp án:

1. Nina does not know him 
2. I will give her the message
3. You can watch the game with me
4. May I help you? 
5. They are going to visit us 

Bài 15: Chọn câu đúng trong những câu dưới đây 

1. Give these documents to her secretary 
2. Could you make some tea us, please? 
3. Charlie has written for a letter to her mother
4. Let’s book a flight to all of us
5. I will feed some fishes for the cat. 

Đáp án:

Các câu đúng: 1, 4, 5

Bài 16: Xác định đại từ tân ngữ chính xác trong mỗi câu sau đây.

1. (I/me) ____ like London.
2. The children are as hungry as (we/us) ____.
3. All the students passed except (I/me) ____.
4. (They/them) ____ love vegan food.
5. We all like cake except (she/her) ____.
6. (He/him) ____ will get a new phone soon.
7. His sister isn’t as tall as (he/him) ____.
8.  Is that chocolate for (I/me) ____?
9. (She/her) ____ wants to go home early.
10. Everyone arrived on time but (he/him) ____.

Đáp án:

1. I
2. us
3. me
4.  They
5. her
6. he
7. him
8. me
9. She
10. him

Bài 17: Hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng từ trong ngoặc

1. She promised to deliver ……………... (letters/the/him)

2. The students have already shown …………… (the/Mrs. Clinton/to/environmental project)

3. We will send ………… (letter/a/Peter)

4. I can lend ………….. (car/her/my)

5. Could you please immediately send ………………….. (a/us/to/fax)?

6. Keep ……………… (seat/him/the/for)

7. We’ve bought ………………… (son/new/a/apartment/our)

8. Show ……………. (to/her/her/new motorbike)

9. On International Women’s day, you should give ……………… (of/your/a/mother/bouquet/flowers)

10. My mother made …………….. (for/lunch/me/a/huge)

Đáp án:

1. She promised to deliver him the letters.

2. The students have already shown the environmental project to Mrs. Clinton.

3. We will send Peter a letter.

4. I can lend her my car.

5. Could you please immediately send a fax to us?

6. Keep the seat for him.

7. We have bought our son a new apartment.

8. Show her new motorbike to her.

9. On International Women’s day, you should give your mother a bouquet of flowers.

10. My mother made a huge lunch for me.

Bài 18: Hoàn thành các câu sau. Có thể sử dụng giới từ nếu thích hợp

1. Did you send Mark the letter? – Yes, I sent …………… (him/it)

2. Go to bed right now, Mary! – But I can’t sleep. Can you read …………..? (me/story)

3. You should offer applicants higher salary. – But my boss has already offered …………. (them/it)

4. Why don’t we bring our children some snacks? – You can’t bring ………………. (them/snacks) They don’t like them.

5. Has Robert seen these pictures? – Yes, I have already send …………. (them/him)

6. Please, give me his email address. – Sorry. I can’t give ………………. (you/it).

7. Will you give him a call? – I think I should …………….. as soon as possible. (him/call)

8. Did you send him the parcels? – Not yet, he wasn’t at home yesterday. But I’ll send ………….. tomorrow. (him/it)

9. Could you send it to Marcel, please? – I can’t send ………….. (Marcel/your message). He is at work.

Đáp án:

1. Yes, I sent it to him.

2. Can you read a story for me?

3. But my boss has already offered it to them.

4. You can’t bring snacks to them.

5. Yes, I have already sent them to him.

6. Sorry. I can’t give it to you.

7. I think I should call him as soon as possible.

8. But I’ll send it to him tomorrow.

9. I can’t send your message to Marcel.

Bài 19: Viết lại câu sử dụng tân ngữ trực tiếp và tân ngữ gián tiếp

1. What did you do last summer? Can you say it to me?

2. She wrote to Dannis a letter.

3. Simon’s friends gave a lot of presents to him on his birthday.

4. This photo is so beautiful. - Really? Can you show it to me?

5. He has brought for my brother this novel.

6. I’m looking forward to your response. Write me as soon as possible.

7. Don’t do this anymore. Will you promise to me?

Đáp án:

1. Can you tell me it?

2. She wrote Dannis a letter.

3. Simon’s friends gave him many presents on his birthday.

4. Can you show me the photo?

5. He has brought this novel to my sister.

6. Write to me as soon as possible.

7. Will you promise me?

Bài 20: 

Đáp án:

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Việc làm dành cho sinh viên:

1. Việc làm trợ giảng IELST mới nhất
2. Việc làm gia sư các môn cập nhật theo ngày mới nhất
3. Việc làm thêm nhân viên phục vụ nhà hàng/ quán cafe dành cho sinh viên
4. Việc làm gia sư tiếng anh mới nhất
5. Mức lương gia sư tiếng anh là bao nhiêu 
6.