Past continuous tense (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn) | Định nghĩa, cấu trúc, cách dùng, dấu hiệu nhận biết và bài tập vận dụng
Tương tự như hiện tại tiếp diễn, thì quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past continuous tense) dùng để diễn tả một hành động, sự việc đang diễn ra xung quanh một thời điểm trong quá khứ.
Công thức cấu trúc đầy đủ cả 3 thể của thì quá khứ tiếp diễn như sau:
2.1 Thể Khẳng Định
S + was/were + V-ing
Ví dụ:
2.2 Thể Phủ Định
S + was/were + not + V-ing
Ví dụ:
2.3 Câu Hỏi
Was/were + S + V-ing
W-h question + Was/Were + S + V-ing?
Ví dụ:
Trong đó:
Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn rất dễ nhầm lẫn. vì vậy bạn cầm nắm rõ cách dùng dưới đây để sử dụng đúng khi sử dụng tiếng anh nhé.
3.1. Cách dùng 1
Dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn để diễn tả 1 hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ
Ví dụ: At nine o'clock yesterday, I was studying with my brother (Vào lúc chín giờ ngày hôm qua, tôi đang học với anh trai tôi)
➪ Ta có at nine o’clock là 1 thời điểm xác định, nên sẽ chia động từ ở QKTD “was studying”.
3.2. Cách dùng 2
Dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn để diễn tả 1 hành động đang diễn ra thì một hành động khác xen vào
Ví dụ: I was talking to my mom when you called me (Tôi đang nói chuyện với mẹ khi bạn gọi cho tôi-> Hành động bạn gọi cho tôi xen vào giữa hạnh động đang nói chuyện với mẹ)
➪ Ta có “talk” là hành động đang xảy ra -> chia quá khứ tiếp diễn
➪ Ta có “call” là hành động xen vào -> chia quá khứ đơn
Hành động đang diễn ra chia QKTD, hành động xen vào chia QKĐ. Đây là cách dùng cực phổ biến giúp các bạn tạo câu phức với while/ when để tăng điểm Grammar đó!
3.3. Cách dùng 3
Dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn để diễn tả 2 hành động nhưng chúng lại đang diễn ra cùng lúc trong quá khứ
Ví dụ: I was reading my book while/ and my friend was watching TV (Tôi đang đọc sách của mình trong khi / và bạn tôi đang xem TV)
➪ Cách này thường dùng với while và and
3.4. Lưu ý khi sử dụng
KHÔNG sử dụng động từ chỉ trạng thái (State verbs: want, like, love, understand, hate...) trong thì quá khứ tiếp diễn. Thay vào đó sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn . Ví dụ:
Dấu hiệu 1
Bạn có thể dễ dàng nhận biết được thì quá khứ tiếp diễn khi trong câu có các trạng từ chỉ thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ
|
Dấu hiệu 2
Khi trong câu xuất hiện các liên từ như when/while/and để diễn tả các hành động xảy ra đồng thời hoặc 1 hành động đang xảy ra thì hành động khác xen vào.
Bài 1: Viết dạng đúng của các động từ trong ngoặc để hoàn thành câu, sử dụng thì Quá khứ đơn hoặc Quá khứ tiếp diễn
1. I called Roger at nine last night, but he_________(not/be) at home. He_________(study) at the library.
2. When I_________(open) the cupboard door, a pile of books_________(fall) out.
3. How_________(you/ break) your arm?
4. I_________(slip) on the ice while I_________(cross) the street in front of the dorm.
5. We _________(drive) to London, but on the way we_________(hear) about a bomb scare in Oxford Street, so we _________(drive) back home straightaway.
Đáp án:
1. wasn’t//was not - was studying
2. opened - fell
3. did you break
4. slipped - was crossing
5. were driving - heard - drove
Bài 2: Hãy viết câu hoàn chỉnh với thì Quá khứ tiếp diễn và Quá khứ đơn mà không thay đổi thứ tự các từ cho sẵn sau
1. When Don/ arrive/ we/ have/ coffee
2. He/ sit down/ on the chair/ while/ I/ paint/ it
3. When/ Margaret/ open/ the door/ the phone/ ring
4. The students/ play/ a game/ when/ professor/ arrive
Đáp án:
1. When Don arrived, we were having coffee.
2. He sat down on the chair while I was painting it.
3. When Margaret opened the door, the phone was ringing.
4. The students were playing a game when the professor arrived.
Bài 3: chia thì quá khứ tiếp diễn (past continuous) của các động từ trong ngoặc.
1. I (take) ________ shower I at 6 PM.
2. You (play) ________ video games when I came back home.
3. What you (do) ________ while I was feeding the pigs?
4. Tom (study) ________ during his first class?
5. We (not argue) ________ when the teacher stepped into the class.
6. Jack (not attend) ________ his Math class last Sunday.
7. Julia (leave) ________ her house when she received the message from her father.
8. What Alice (do) ________ when her parents arrived?
9. It (rain) ________ when I left my office.
10. I (practice) ________ my listening skill all day yesterday.
11. Marie (try) ________ to fix her broken glasses for hours.
12. My neighbors (argue) ________ while their daughters ________ (cry).
13. When Alice (clean) ________ the house, her mother ________ (cook) her favorite food.
14. Her sister (practice) ________ her new song all the time.
15. As a 5 year-old kid, I always (play) ________ in our garden with my dog.
16. John (test) ________ the new camera when his girlfriend entered the room.
17. When I was young, I always (tease) ________ my little brother whenever I had time.
18. According to the reporter, the kid (study) ________ in their classroom when the terrorists entered the room.
Đáp án:
1. I was taking shower I at 6 PM.
2. You were playing video games when I came back home.
3. What were you doing while I was feeding the pigs?
4. Was Tom studying during his first class?
5. We were not arguing when the teacher stepped into the class.
6. Jack was not attending his Math class last Sunday
7. Julia was leaving her house when she received the message from her father.
8. What was Alice doing when her parents arrived?
9. It was raining when I left my office.
10. I was practicing my listening skill all day yesterday.
11. Marie was trying to fix her broken glasses for hours.
12. My neighbors were arguing while their daughters were crying.
13. When Alice was cleaning the house, her mother was cooking her favorite food.
14. Her sister was practicing her new song all the time.
15. As a 5 year-old kid, I was always playing in our garden with my dog.
16. John was testing the new camera when his girlfriend entered the room.
17. When I was young, I was always teasing my little brother whenever I had time.
18. According to the reporter, the kids were studying in their classrooms when the terrorists entered the room.
Bài 4: Viết lại câu hoàn chỉnh theo từ gợi ý
1. A: What were you doing at 3 PM yesterday?
B: Why? (I / revise / lessons).
2. (Where / you / stay / last night)?
3. (When / I / young / I / always / try / read books / late night).
4. (They / sleep / until / their teacher / come).
5. A: Were you studying Math for hours?
B: (No / I / study / Biology / for hours).
6. (I / note / new vocabularies / when / Alice / come).
7. During lunch time, I (Try / review / all the feedback / give / by the teacher).
8. A: When you were a kid, why were you always trying to tease Anna?
B: (I / try / impress / her).
9. A: Were Laurent cleaning the house while I am cooking?
B: (No / he / just / play / the dog).
10. (Laura / fix / her computer / until / her brother / arrive / home).
11. ( Yesterday / I / not attend / the class meeting).
12. A: Which book were you reading when I came?
B: (I / read / “Watership Down” by Richard Adams)
13. (By the age of eleven / I / train / be a dancer).
14. A: What was Alice doing when her classmate arrived?
B: (She / try / cook / pasta).
15. (Anna’s little brother / play / the living room / while / she / clean / the dirties)
16. (What / you / do / when / the thief / break / into your house?)
Đáp án:
1. I was revising the lessons.
2. Where were you staying last night?
3. When I was young, I was always trying to read books late at night.
4. They were sleeping until their teacher came.
5. No. I was studying Biology for hours.
6. I was noting new vocabularies when Alice came.
7. I was trying to review all the feedback given by the teacher.
8. I was trying to impress her!
9. No. He was just playing with the dog.
10. Laura was fixing her computer until her brother arrived home.
11. Yesterday, I was not attending the class meeting.
12. I was reading “Watership Down” by Richard Adams.
13. By the age of eleven, I was training to be a dancer.
14. What was Alice doing when her classmate arrived?
15. Anna’s little brother was playing in the living room while she was cleaning the dirties.
16. What were you doing when the thief broke into your house?
Bài 5: Điền và chia động từ còn thiếu vào chỗ trống
| Text | Stay | Use | Lye | Function | Live |
A: Hi, I couldn’t reach you during the holiday! Where were you staying?
B: Hi, I am so sorry for that. My phone broke. Anyway, I ____ just ____(1)___ at home during that time.
A: Really? What happened to your phone?
B: Well, that’s a long story. That day, late at night, I ____(2)____ with my girlfriend when I heard a weird
sound. I wonder where that sound came from! I _____ just ___(3)___ with my little sister since my
parents traveled to Japan.
A: That sounds scary!
B: Yeah! I was quite scared. I came downstairs to check that sound. In the living room, My sister
___(4)___ her phone when I saw her.
B: I asked her about the sounds. She paused, looked at my anxious face and laughed out loud. She
said that the sounds came from the game from her phone.
A: Humh… I can’t relate to the reason why your phone broke.
B: When I went back to my room, I discovered that my phone ___(5)___ in my little aquarium! Turns out,
when I got scared by the sound, I threw my phone away and it fell into the aquarium! Unfortunately,
when I took it out, the phone ___(6)___ well.
A: I am so sorry for hearing that! Did you send your phone to any maintenance store?
B: Yes, I did! I hope that it will be fixed as soon as possible.
Đáp án
1. was just staying
2. was texting
3. was just living
4. was using
5. was lying
6. was not functioning
Bài 6: chia động từ ở thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
1. Jason _______ (listen) to music while his mother _______ (cook) in the kitchen.
2. This time last year I _______ (live) in Tokyo.
3. Michelle always _______ (complain) about his wives.
4. My sister _______ (drive) her car very fast when I called her.
5. My mother phoned while we _______ (chat).
6. Jack fell asleep when he _______ (chat) with his girlfriend.
7. Where Susan _______ (go) when I saw her last month?
8. My brother _______ (not do) the homework when my mother came home.
9. What you _______ (do) 10:00 pm last night?
10. At 11a.m yesterday morning, my sister _______ (cook) lunch.
11. they _______ (take) the exam?
12. Daniel lost his wallet when he _______ (walk) home.
13. At 5 a.m yesterday, my sister _______ (cook) breakfast.
14. We _______ (work) when he _______ (come) yesterday.
15. This time last month we _______ (live) in Bangkok.
Đáp án:
| 1. was listening; was cooking | 2. were living | 3. was always complaining | 4. was driving | 5. were chatting |
| 6. was chatting | 7. was Susan going | 8. wasn’t doing | 9. were you doing | 10. was cooking |
| 11. Were they taking | 12. was walking | 13. was cooking | 14. weren’t working; came | 15. were living |
Bài 7: hoàn thành câu ở thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
1. What/she/do/during the day?
2. Why/he/run/?
3. I/ shop/when Linda/called me
4. My brother/do/his homework/at 9 o’clock.
5. He/eat lunch/when we arrived.
6. She/live in Hue/at the time/?
7. She/not /cry
8. She/not /play the guitar at 6p.m
9. She/type a letter/when/ her boss/go into the meeting room/?
10. While/she/watch TV/she/ hear/the doorbell.
11. She/study English/at 8p.m/yesterday.
12. She/see/an accident/while/she/watch television.
13. We/not laugh at/your sister.
14. Maya/not listen/her teacher/carefully.
15. I/not study/at 10 o’clock.
16. What/your little brother/do/at this time/yesterday/?
17. The doorbell/ring/while/she/eat lunch.
18. Your friends/drink juice/when/you/arrive/?
19. What/Asley/do/while/her sister/go to Hanoi/?
20. At 9 o’clock last Sunday/I/do/my homework.
Đáp án:
1. What was she doing during the day?
2. Why was he running?
3. I was shopping when Linda called me.
4. My brother was doing his homework at 9 o’clock.
5. He was eating lunch when we arrived.
6. Was she living in Hue at the time?
7. She wasn’t crying.
8. She wasn’t playing the guitar at 6p.m
9. Was she typing a letter when her boss went into the meeting room?
10. While she was watching TV, she heard the doorbell.
11. She was studying English at 8 p.m. yesterday.
12. She saw an accident while she was watching television.
13. We weren’t laughing at your sister.
14. Maya wasn’t listening to her teacher carefully.
15. I wasn’t studying at 10 o’clock.
16. What was your little brother doing at this time yesterday?
17. The doorbell rang while she was eating lunch.
18. Were your friends drinking juice when you arrived?
19. What was Asley doing while her sister was going to Hanoi?
20. At 9 o’clock last Sunday, I was doing my homework.
Bài 8: Hoàn thành câu với cặp từ cho sẵn
| clean; ask | watch; get | play; break | think; say | go; have |
| stand; meet | start; check in | sleep; talk | have; knock | live; spend |
| wear; see | start; come | not drink; happen | stand; meet | read; cook |
| come; wash | study; have | walk; attack | arrive; have; have | listen; take |
1. A friendly Australian couple _______ talking to her as she _______ at the hotel reception.
2. She _______ tennis three times a week before She _______ her ankle.
3. When we _______ in Hanoi, we _______ four hours a day traveling to and from work.
4. She _______ a pink dress when I _______ her last week.
5. Anna _______ up the living room when John _______ her to marry him.
6. When I _______ he _______ lunch. he said he always _______ lunch at 11:00.
7. What was Nick _______ when she _______ his phone away?
8. Was Mark _______ alone when you _______ him?
9. My mother _______ milk when the murder _______.
10. We _______ lunch when someone _______on the door.
11. While Lily _______ in her room, her sister _______ a birthday party in the other room.
12. The lights _______ off when I_______ a shower.
13. Lisa _______ when her teacher _______ in the class.
14. The rain _______ to fall while we _______ home.
15. The black dog_______ along quietly when Lily’s dog _______ him.
16. He _______ alone, when you _______ him?
17. What you _______, when she _______ your name?
18. While my dad _______ newspaper, my mom _______ lunch.
19. His mother _______ back home when he _______ the dishes.
20. Selena _______ TV when I _______ home.
Đáp án:
| 1. started; was checking in | 2. was playing; broke | 3. lived; were spending | 4. was wearing; saw | 5. was cleaning; asked |
| 6. arrived; was having; had | 7. listening; took | 8. standing; met | 9. wasn’t drinking; happened | 10. was having; knocked |
| 11. was studying; was having | 12. went; was having | 13. slept; was talking | 14. started; were coming | 15. was walking; attacked |
| 16. was he standing; met | 17. were you thinking; said | 18. was reading; was cooking | 19. came; was washing | 20. was watching; got |
Bài 9: Viết câu trả lời sử dụng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn nếu cần thiết.
e.g: (at 5 o’clock last Monday) I was on a bus on my way home.
1. (at 8 o’clock yesterday evening) ……………………………………………………………
2. (at 10:15 yesterday morning) ……………………………………………………………….
3. (at 4:30 this morning) ………………………………………………………………………
4. (at 7:45 yesterday evening) ………………………………………………………………...
5. (half an hour ago) …………………………………………………………………………..
Đáp án:
1. I was having dinner……
2. I was working…………
3. I was in bed asleep……
4. I was getting ready to go out ……
5. I was watching TV at home……
Bài 10: Chia động từ ở thì quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn.
1. ‘What ……………… (you/do) at this time yesterday?’ ‘I was asleep.’
2. How fast ……………… (you/drive) when the accident ……………… (happen)?
3. I haven’t seen my best friend for ages. When I last ……………… (see) him, he ……………… (try) to find a job.
4. I ……………… (walk) along the street when suddenly I ……………… (hear) footsteps behind me.
Somebody ……………… (follow) me. I was scared and I ……………… (start) to run.
5. Last night I ……………… (drop) a plate when I ……………… (do) the washing-up. Fortunately it ……………… (not/break).
6. I ……………… (open) the letter when the wind ……………… (blow) it out of my hand.
7. The burglar ……………… (open) the safe when he ……………… (hear) footsteps. He immediately
……………… (put) out his torch and ……………… (crawl) under the bed.
8. As I ……………… (cross) the road I ……………… (step) on a banana skin and ……………… (fall) heavily.
9. Just as I ……………… (wonder) what I should do next, the acceptance letter came in my mailbox.
Đáp án:
|
1. were you doing 2. were you driving; happened 3. saw; was trying 4. was walking; heard; was following; started 5. dropped; was doing; didn’t break |
6. was opening; blew 7. was opening; heard; put; crawled 8. was crossing; stepped; fell 9. was wondering |
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