Câu tường thuật (Reported Speech) | Định nghĩa, cách chuyển đổi thì và từ trong câu tường thuật - Bài tập vận dụng
Câu tường thuật (Reported Speech) là câu thuật lại lời nói dưới dạng gián tiếp, lời nói đó không đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép.
Ví dụ về câu tường thuật:
| Câu trực tiếp | Câu tường thuật |
| My mom said: “You did a great job yesterday”. | My mom said I had done a great job the day before. |
| Câu trực tiếp | Câu tường thuật |
|
Diễn đạt chính xác lời ai đó nói Đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép |
Thuật lại lời nói dưới dạng gián tiếp Không đặt trong ngoặc kép |
2 sự thay đổi lớn nhất trong câu tường thuật:
Để chuyển đổi câu trực tiếp sang câu tường thuật chúng ta có 4 bước như sau:
Ví dụ với câu My friend said “I am going to visit you tomorrow”
Áp dụng 4 bước trên:
Dưới đây là bảng lùi thì và ví dụ cụ thể:
| STT | Câu trực tiếp | Câu tường thuật |
| 1 | Hiện tại đơn | Past Simple |
| She said “the house is dirty”. | She said (that) the house was dirty | |
| 2 | Hiện tại tiếp diễn | Quá khứ tiếp diễn |
| She said “I am visiting my parents”. | She said (that) she was visiting her parents. | |
| 3 | Quá khứ đơn | Quá khứ hoàn thành |
| She said “I washed the car”. | She said (that) she had washed the car. | |
| 4 | Hiện tại hoàn thành | Quá khứ hoàn thành |
| She said “I haven’t tidied the house” | She said (that) she hadn’t tidied the house. | |
| 5 | Am going to | Was going to |
| She said “I am going to visit my parents”. | She said (that) she was going to visit her parents. | |
| 6 | Will | Would |
| She said “I will visit my parents”. | She said (that) she would visit her parents. | |
| 7 | Can | Could |
| She said “I can’t go out”. | She said (that) she couldn’t go out. |
| Câu trực tiếp | Câu tường thuật |
| today | that day |
| tomorrow | the next day |
| next week | the following week |
| now | then |
| here | there |
| tonight | that night |
| yesterday |
the day before/ the previous day |
| last week | the week before |
| ago | before |
Bài tập 1: Chuyển các câu sau về các cấu trúc câu tường thuật trong Tiếng Anh:
1. “If the weather is fine, I will go to the beach with my friends,” she said.
.......................................................................................................................................
2. “What would you do if you had one day off ?” I asked her.
.......................................................................................................................................
3. “I would have come to see you if I had known your address, Harry,” Tom said.
.......................................................................................................................................
4. “I’m sure he will help you if you ask him.” she told me.
.......................................................................................................................................
5. “If today were Monday, we would go to school,” my friend said to me.
.......................................................................................................................................
6. She said to me, “If I were you, I wouldn’t tell her my address.”
.......................................................................................................................................
7. “There would not be enough seats if a lot of guests came,” they said.
.......................................................................................................................................
8. “You will be surprised if you meet her,” Ann said to Clara.
.......................................................................................................................................
9. The boy said: “I won’t be strong if I don’t play soccer everyday.”
.......................................................................................................................................
10. “What would you do if you saw a spider?” Nam asked Chi.
.......................................................................................................................................
Đáp án:
1. She said that if the weather was fine, she would go to the beach with her friends.
2. I asked her what she would do if she had one day off.
3. Tom said that he would have come to see me if he had known Harry's address.
4. She told me that she was sure he would help me if I asked him.
5. My friend said to me that if today were Monday, they would go to school.
6. She said to me that if she were me, she wouldn't tell her address to her.
7. They said that there would not be enough seats if a lot of guests came.
8. Ann said to Clara that she would be surprised if she met her.
9. The boy said that he wouldn't be strong if he didn't play soccer every day.
10. Nam asked Chi what she would do if she saw a spider.
Bài tập 2: Chuyển các câu sau về các cấu trúc câu tường thuật đặc biệt trong Tiếng Anh:
1. "If I have time, I will visit you tomorrow," she said.
2. "Would you like to join us for dinner?" they asked.
3. "Be careful! The road is slippery," the sign said.
4. "Please, lend me some money," he said.
5. "You did a great job on the presentation," the manager praised.
6. "Let me help you with your luggage," he offered.
7. "I broke the vase," she admitted.
8. "Let's go to the movies tonight," he suggested.
9. "You broke the window," she accused.
10. "Don't forget to call me later," he reminded me.
Đáp án:
1. She said that if she had time, she would visit me the next day.
2. They invited me to join them for dinner.
3. The sign warned that the road was slippery.
4. He begged me to lend him some money.
5. The manager praised me for doing a great job on the presentation.
6. He offered to help me with my luggage.
7. She admitted breaking the vase.
8. He suggested going to the movies that night.
9. She accused me of breaking the window.
10. He reminded me to call him later.
Bài tập 3. Bài tập chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp
1. “What are you doing?” she asked me.
She asked me ………………………….
2. “Close the door,” Anne said.
Anne told them ………………………….
3. “Will you come to my party?” Linda said to them.
Linda invited them ………………………….
4. “Are you going by bus?” my teacher asked.
My teacher wanted to ………………………….
5. “I don’t like this pink carpet,” she said.
She told me ………………………….
6. Nhung said: “She can not help you tomorrow.”
Nhung said ………………………….
7. “What would you do if you passed the exam?” The professor asked me.
The professor asked me ………………………….
8. “Do you and your big brother go to the same school?” Maya asked her friend.
Maya asked her friend ………………………….
9. “Give me the red cup,” Selena told him.
Selena asked him ………………………….
10. “Hurry up,” He said to me.
He told me ………………………….
11. “You stole my phone, Alex!” said Lily.
Lily accused Alex ………………………….
12. “I want a blue jacket for my birthday,” she said.
She said that ………………………….
13. “Don’t forget to turn off the light.” He said.
He reminded me ………………………….
14. “I should go home to do my homework”, said Lily.
Lily told me ………………………….
15. “Stand up, Daniel,” he said.
He asked Daniel ………………………….
16. “She works in a station,” He said.
He said that ………………………….
17. “They have not eaten dinner”
He told me ………………………….
18. He said to me: “I haven’t finished my work”
He told me ………………………….
19. “I will visit my grandparents tomorrow.”
He told me that ………………………….
20. Daniel said: “Where are you going on your vacation this week?
Daniel asked me ………………………….
21. “Are you serious?” she asked him.
She asked him ………………………….
22. “Can I meet you at the meeting?” He asked me.
He asked me ………………………….
23. “Dinner will be served after 6 m.m,” said my aunt.
My mother said ………………………….
24. “Are you going to the restaurant?” she asked me.
He wanted to know ………………………….
25. “Did you see the black cat?” she asked me.
She asked me ………………………….
Đáp án:
1. She asked me what I was doing.
2. Anne told them to close the door.
3. Linda invited them to come to her party.
4. My teacher wanted to know if/whether she was going by bus.
5. She told me that she didn’t like that pink carpet.
6. Nhung said she could not help me the next day.
7. The professor asked me what I would do if I had passed the exam.
8. Maya asked her friend whether/if she and her big brother went to the same school.
9. Selena asked him to give her the red cup.
10. He told me to hurry up.
11. Lily accused Alex of stealing her phone.
12. She said that she wanted a blue jacket for her birthday.
13. He reminded me (not to forget) to turn off the light.
14. Lily told me that she should go home to do her homework.
15. He asked Daniel to stand up.
16. He said that she worked at a station.
17. He told me that they hadn’t eaten dinner.
18. He told me he hadn’t finished his work.
19. He told me that he would visit his grandparents the following day.
20. Daniel asked me where I was going on my vacation that week.
21. She asked him if he was serious.
22. He asked me if he could meet me at the meeting.
23. My mother said that lunch would be served before 11 a.m
24. He wanted to know if I was going to the restaurant.
25. She asked me if I had seen the black cat.
Bài tập 4. Dạng bài tập viết lại câu tường thuật
1. “Where is my phone?” he asked.
2. “What are you doing?” he asked.
3. “Has Emily talked to Jessica?” my sister asked me.
4. “Are you going to bed?” she asked me.
5. “Did you lock the door?” she asked me.
6. “I could play the guitar when I was seven,” she said.
7. “I don’t like peanut butter,” he said.
8. “You should go to school early,” Lily said.
9. “Will you help me, please?” Becky asked.
10. ”Don’t play the guitar in this room,” the music teacher said.
11. ”What are they talking about?”
12. “I have just sent a letter to Hoa,” Bella said.
13. “Do you like listening to music?” Alex asked.
14. “Which bike do you like best?” My brother asked me.
15. “Why don’t you help Jack?” Jenny asked her.
16. “Can I pick you up at 8 p.m?” she asked.
17. “Where is the ideal place to go camping?” Nhung asked.
18. “Hank, please don’t tell anyone your salary.” said Tom.
19. “I’ll call you tomorrow.”
20. “When was your daughter born?” said the doctor to Linda.
21. “Did Daniel send the book to you?” He asked.
22. “Can I help you, David?” asked Harry.
23. “Don’t tell her about it.” she said.
24. “Did you buy the red dress?” she asked me.
25. The boy asked, “Who made the noise?”
Đáp án:
1. He asked where his phone was.
2. He wanted to know what I was doing.
3. My sister asked me if Emily had talked to Jessica.
4. She wanted to know if I was going to bed.
5. He asked me if I had locked the door.
6. She said she could play the guitar when she was three.
7. He said that he didn’t like peanut butter.
8. Lily said that I should go to school early.
9. Becky asked me to help her.
10. The music teacher told us not to play guitar in that room.
11. She asked me what they were talking about.
12. Bella told me that she had just sent a letter to Hoa.
13. Alex asked me if I liked listening to music.
14. My brother asked me which bike I liked best.
15. Jenny wanted to know why she didn’t help Jack.
16. She asked me if she could pick me up at 8 p.m.
17. Nhung asked where the ideal place to go camping was.
18. Tom asked Hank not to tell anyone about his salary.
19. I told him that I would call him the next day.
20. The doctor asked Linda where her daughter had been born.
21. He asked if Daniel had sent the book to me.
22. Harry asked David if he could help him.
23. She told me not to tell her about it.
24. She asked me if I had bought the red dress.
25. The boy wanted to know who was making the noise.
Bài tập 5. Bài tập câu tường thuật trắc nghiệm
1. Lily said she was leaving for Hanoi _________.
A. next week
B. the week previous
C. following week
D. the following week
2. The teacher asked students_________ .
A. why did they slept
B. why they were sleeping
C. why they sleep
D. why were they sleeping
3. Daniel said that Tokyo _________ more lively than Seoul.
A. is
B. be
C. was
D. were
4. Jack was pessimistic about the exam. I advised him _________.
A. no worry
B. not worry
C. no to worry
D. not to worry
5. He wanted to know where they _________.
A. had lived
B. lived
C. was lived
D. has lived
6. He asked me if I _________.
A. had seen that car
B. saw that car
C. has seen that car
D. see that car
7. Henry told me that he _________ home after the event.
A. walked
B. had walked
C. walking
D. was walking
8. Leo asked her _________ .
A. what time does the meeting end
B. what time the meeting end
C. what time the meeting ended
D. what time did the meeting end
9. My friend _________ me there’s been an accident on that street.
A. asked
B. said
C. spoke
D. told
10. Jenny wonders _________ doing well at school.
A. whether her sisters are
B. if her sisters were
C. her sisters were
D. her sisters are if
11. David asked Timmy why _________ the film on television the day before.
A. didn’t he watch
B. hadn’t he watched
C. he doesn’t watch
D. he hadn’t watched
12. She asked me if I _________ speak Vietnamese.
A. could
B. can
C. will
D. was
13. She wanted to know what they _________.
A. doing
B. were doing
C. did
D. had been doing
14. The mother asked her son where _________.
A. was
B. is
C. had been
D. has been
15. Mimi wanted to know if he _________.
A. was going to the cinema
B. went to the cinema
C. goes to the cinema
D. had gone to the cinema
16. Bloom asked where_________.
A. her book is
B. her book was
C. her book had been
D. her book had been being
17. The manager asked us what we_________.
A. talked about
B.had been talked about
C. were talking about
D. talking about
18. Max asked whether I _________ this game.
A. had played
B. have played
C. was played
D. played
19. My sister asked me how long I _________ to study in America.
A. planned
B. was planning
C. had been planning
D. planning
20. Minh advised her husband _________ too much.
A. wasn’t drinking
B. don’t drink
C. had not drunk
D. not to drink
21. She told me she _________.
A. didn’t finish her homework
B. hadn’t finished her homework
C. had not been finishing her homework
D. wasn’t finishing her homework
22. He says he _________ London the next week.
A. goes
B. was going to
C. is going to
D. had been gone
23. I told Nick that my parents would come there to visit us _________.
A. the following day
B. tomorrow
C. yesterday
D. next day
24. Emma told me that she _________ anymore.
A. didn’t love me
B. not to love me
C. wasn’t loving me
D. would not be loving me
25. My dad said that he had done it the week before.
A. the following week
B. the week before
C. the next week
D. last week
Đáp án:
| 1. D | 2. B | 3. C | 4. D | 5. A |
| 6. A | 7. B | 8. C | 9. D | 10. B |
| 11. D | 12. A | 13. B | 14. C | 15. A |
| 16. B | 17. C | 18. A | 19. B | 20. D |
| 21. B | 22. C | 23. A | 24. A | 25. B |
Bài tập 6. bài tập viết lại câu tường thuật
1. "What's the time?" he asked.
→ He wanted to know .................................................. .
2. "When will we meet again?" she asked me.
→ She asked me .................................................. .
3. "Are you crazy?" she asked him.
→ She asked him .................................................. .
4. "Where did they live?" he asked.
→ He wanted to know .................................................. .
5. "Will you be at the party?" he asked her.
→ He asked her .................................................. .
6. "Can you meet me at the station?" she asked me.
→ She asked me .................................................. .
7. "Who knows the answer?" the teacher asked.
→ The teacher wanted to know .................................................. .
8. "Why don't you help me?" she asked him.
→ She wanted to know .................................................. .
9. "Did you see that car?" he asked me.
→ He asked me .................................................. .
10. "Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the twins.
→ The mother asked the twins .................................................. .
Đáp án
1. He wanted to know what the time was
2. She asked me when we would meet again
3. She asked him if he was crazy
4. He wanted to know where they had lived
5. He asked her if she would be at the party
6. She asked me if I could meet her at the station
7. The teacher wanted to know who knew the answer
8. She wanted to know why he didn't help her
9. He asked me if I had seen that car
10. The mother asked the twins if they had tidied up their room
Bài tập 7. viết lại câu trực tiếp gián tiếp
1. "Stop talking, Joe," the teacher said.
→ The teacher told Joe .................................................. .
2. "Be patient," she said to him.
→ She told him .................................................. .
3. "Go to your room," her father said to her.
→ Her father told her .................................................. .
4. "Hurry up," she said to us.
→ She told us .................................................. .
5. "Give me the key," he told her.
→ He asked her .................................................. .
6. "Play it again, Sam," she said.
→ She asked Sam .................................................. .
7. "Sit down, Caron" he said.
→ He asked Caron .................................................. .
8. "Fill in the form, Sir," the receptionist said.
→ The receptionist asked the guest .................................................. .
9. "Take off your shoes," she told us.
→ She told us .................................................. .
10. "Mind your own business," she told him.
→ She told him ………………………..
Đáp án
1. The teacher told Joe to stop talking
2. She told him to be patient
3. Her father told her to go to her room
4. She told us to hurry up
5. He asked her to give him the key
6. She asked Sam to play it again
7. He asked Caron to sit down
8. The receptionist asked the guest to fill in the form
9. She told us to take off our shoes
10. She told him to mind his own business.
Bài tập 8. Bài tập chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp
1. “I walked home after the event,” Tom said.
__________________________________________________________.
2. “Do you enjoy listening to music?” Bin asked her.
__________________________________________________________.
3. She said to me “Can you speak Vietnamese?”
__________________________________________________________.
4. “I don’t like this red cap,” she said.
__________________________________________________________.
5. He said to me “I haven’t finished my work”.
__________________________________________________________.
6. “I must go home to make the dinner”,said Linda.
__________________________________________________________.
7. “I have just received a postcard from my aunt,”my best friend said to me.
__________________________________________________________.
8. “Do your sister and brother go to the same school?” Nam asked his friend.
__________________________________________________________.
9. ”Give him a smile,”The photographer told him.
__________________________________________________________.
10. “Don’t discuss this question now,” said my teacher to us.
__________________________________________________________.
11. “If the weather is fine, I will go on a picnic with my friends,” she said.
__________________________________________________________.
12. “What would you do if you had three days off ?” I asked him.
__________________________________________________________.
13. “If you had listened to my advice, you wouldn’t have made such a big mistakes.” Julia said to LiLi.
__________________________________________________________.
14. “I’m sure she will help you if you ask her.”, he told me.
__________________________________________________________.
15. “I will be surprised if Mary doesn’t pass the exam.”, our teacher said.
__________________________________________________________.
Đáp án
1. Tom told me that he had walked home after the event.
2. Bin asked her if she enjoyed listening to music.
3. She asked me if I could speak Vietnamese.
4. She told me that she didn’t like that red cap.
5. He told me he hadn’t finished his work.
6. Linda told me that she must go home to make the dinner.
7. My best friend told me that she/he had just received a postcard from her/his aunt.
8. Nam asked his friend whether her/his sister and brother went to the same school.
9. The photographer told him to give him a smile.
10. My teacher told us not to discuss that question then.
11. She said if the weather was fine, she would go on a picnic with her friends.
12. I asked him what he would do if he had had three days off.
13. Julia told LilLi that she would not have made such a big mistake if she had listened to her advice.
14. He told me that he was sure she would help if I asked her.
15. Our teacher said that she would be surprised of Mary did not pass the exam.
Bài tập 9. Chuyển những câu sau sang câu gián tiếp
1.Mr. Smith said: “Where are you going on your vacation this year?
Mr. Smith asked ......................................................................
2.She said: “Did the mechanics finish repairing your car?”
She asked .............................................................................................
3.She said: “Why has David been looking so miserable lately?”
She asked ...............................................................................................
4.I asked my friend: “Was anyone hurt in the car accident last month?”
He asked my friend ................................................................................
5. She asked me: “How old are you now ?”
She asked me ...........................................................................................
6. He said to her: “Have you been to town today ?”
She asked her ............................................................................................
7. John said: “How long does it take you to get to London, Mary?”
John asked Mary ........................................................................................
8. The policeman asked the little girl: “What‟s your name?”
The policeman asked the little girl .............................................................
9. Mr. Green said to his secretary: “Who did you talk to a few minutes ago?”
Mr. Green asked his secretary .....................................................................
10. Paul said: “Can you swim, Mary?”
Paul asked Mary ..........................................................................................…
11. He said: “Where can I find her in this town?”
He asked ...........................................................................................................
12.She asked her son: “Do you know which is the cup you used ?”
She asked her son ...............................................................................................
Đáp án
1. He said to her she was his friend.
2. Johnny said to his mother he didn‟t know how to do that exercise.
3. My brother advised me not to come back before one o‟clock.
4. Mrs Brown told her daughter to cook it in butter.
5. The pupils asked their teacher to give them better marks.
6. My friend asked me if I was going to leave the day after.
7. My mother asked me if I had done my homework.
8. I asked Bill what time he had gone to bed the night before.
9. Paul said that he had to go home then.
10.The policeman said that there was an accident.
11.The children said that they were waiting for the school bus.
12. Mr Brown asked me if I had to go then.
Bài tập 10: Thay đổi trực tiếp thành lời nói này thành được tường thuật
1. “He works in a bank”
She said ____________________________________________
2. “We went out last night”
She told me _________________________________________
3. “I’m coming!”
She said ____________________________________________
4. “I was waiting for the bus when he arrived”
She told me _________________________________________
5. “ I’d never been there before”
She said _____________________________________________
6. “I didn’t go to the party” She told me ________________________________________________________
7. “Lucy’ll come later”
She said _______________________________________________
8. “He hasn’t eaten breakfast”
She told me ___________________________________________
9. “I can help you tomorrow”
She said ______________________________________________
10. “You should go to bed early”
She told me ____________________________________________
11. “I don’t like chocolate”
She told me ___________________________________________
12. “I won’t see you tomorrow”
She said _____________________________________________
13. “She’s living in Paris for a few months”
She said _______________________________________________
14. “I visited my parents at the weekend”
She told me ____________________________________________
15. “She hasn’t eaten sushi before”
She said _______________________________________________
16. “I hadn’t travelled by underground before I came to London”
She said _______________________________________________
17. “They would help if they could”
She said ________________________________________________
18. “I’ll do the washing-up later”
She told me ____________________________________________
19. “He could read when he was three”
She said _______________________________________________
20. “I was sleeping when Julie called”
She said ________________________________________________
Đáp án
1. She said (that) he worked in a bank.
2. She told me (that) they went (had gone) out last night (the night before).
3. She said (that) she was coming.
4. She told me (that) she had been waiting for the bus when he arrived.
5. She said (that) she had never been there before.
6. She told me (that) she didn't go (hadn't gone) to the party.
7. She said (that) Lucy would come later.
8. She told me (that) he hadn't eaten breakfast.
9. She said (that) she could help me tomorrow.
10. She told me (that) I should go to bed early.
11. She told me (that) she didn't like chocolate.
12. She said (that) she wouldn't see me tomorrow.
13. She said (that) she was living in Paris for a few months.
14. She told me (that) she visited (had visited) her parents at the weekend.
15. She said (that) she hadn't eaten sushi before.
16. She said (that) she hadn't travelled by underground before she came to London.
17. She said (that) they would help if they could.
18. She told me (that) she would do the washing-up later.
19. She said (that) he could read when he was three.
20. She said (that) she had been sleeping when Julie called.
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