By Contrast Là Gì? | Cách dùng - Phân biệt In contrast, By contrast, On the contrary - Bài tập vận dụng
By contrast là gì? By contrast là một linking words thường được sử dụng để thể hiện sự trái ngược, tương phản của hai đối tượng khác nhau.
Ví dụ: Daytime temperatures in the desert are very high. By contrast, the nights can be bitterly cold (Nhiệt độ ban ngày ở sa mạc rất cao. Ngược lại, nhiệt độ vào ban đêm cực kỳ lạnh).
Nhiều bạn khi đọc xong định nghĩa bên trên, có thể vẫn chưa trả lời được cho câu hỏi rằng “By contrast là gì?”, bởi vì khi dịch hai câu ví dụ (Ở đầu bài) ra tiếng Việt thì các bạn vẫn thấy nghĩa rất hợp lý đúng không nào?
Nếu như bạn đọc hai câu trên mà vẫn “make sense” thì cũng đừng buồn nhé, vì đây là một trong những lỗi của nhiều người khi sử dụng tiếng Anh. Chúng ta thường có xu hướng dùng các từ đồng nghĩa, mà không chú ý đến việc liệu từ đồng nghĩa đó có được sử dụng phù hợp trong ngữ cảnh đó hay không.
Vậy từ By contrast được sử dụng như nào mới đúng?
By contrast là một liên từ được sử dụng khi muốn diễn đạt hai điều gì đó (trái ngược nhau) cùng song song, tồn tại. Chúng ta hãy cùng xét các ví dụ dưới đây để làm rõ điều này nhé!
Ví dụ 1: Hung loves fast foods. By contrast, Hoa loves healthy foods. (Hùng thích đồ ăn nhanh. Trái lại, Hoa thích đồ ăn lành mạnh).
=> Ta thấy rằng, sở thích của Hùng và Hoa là khác nhau, và cùng có thể tồn tại mà không ảnh hưởng lẫn nhau.
Ví dụ 2: We thought Hung was rich. By contrast, he was poor. (chúng tôi cứ nghĩ Hùng giàu có. Trái lại, anh ấy nghèo).
=> Trong VD2, ta có thể thấy rằng, nếu Hùng giàu thì chắc chắn Hùng không nghèo. Và hai trạng thái “giàu & nghèo” này không thể tồn tại song song được (Điều này trái với cách sử dụng của từ By contrast. Vì vậy, trong tình huống này dùng by contrast sẽ bị sai).
Sau khi tìm hiểu “by contrast là gì”, IZONE sẽ cùng bạn phân tích điểm giống và khác nhau giữa In contrast, by contrast và on the contrary nhé! In contrast và By contrast đều được sử dụng trong các câu có thông tin dau trái ngược với thông tin đưa ra phía trước. In contrast và By contrast là những từ động nghĩa, và chúng tả có thể dụng chúng để thay thế lẫn nhau trong nhiều trường hợp. Tuy nhiên, By contrast mang nghĩa trang trọng hơn so với In contrast.
(Ngược lại với chị gái, cô ấy là người hướng ngoại và thân thiện.) On the contrary được sử dụng để giới thiệu một tuyên bố mâu thuẫn với tuyên bố trước đó. Việc sử dụng On the contrary có tác dụng mạnh hơn so với in contrast và by contrast, và On the contrary cho thấy tuyên bố trước đó là hoàn toàn sai.
(Bác sĩ nói tôi không sao nhưng ngược lại, tôi biết tôi ốm rất nặng.) Phân biệt In contrast – By contrast – On the contrary qua bảng dưới đây:
Bài 1: Viết lại những câu sau, sử dụng in contrast, by contrast và on the contrary
1. Mặc dù thành phố đông đúc, nhưng vùng nông thôn lại yên bình. (in contrast)
2. Mặc dù cô ấy là người hướng nội, nhưng cô ấy lại rất thông minh. (by contrast)
3. Mặc dù cô ấy là người hướng ngoại, nhưng cô ấy lại rất cẩn thận. (in contrast)
4. Mặc dù cô ấy nói rằng cô ấy không đói, nhưng cô ấy vẫn ăn tất cả thức ăn trên đĩa. (on the contrary)
Đáp án
1. In contrast to the crowded city, the countryside is peaceful.
2. By contrast to her introverted nature, she is very intelligent.
3. In contrast to her extroverted personality, she is very careful.
4. In contrast to her claim that she is not hungry, she ate all the food on her plate.
Bài 2: Điền vào chỗ trống
1. It is rumored that there are several benefits of watching movies. _____, some experts believe that
watching movies is just a waste of time.
2. His brother has been studying in this school for 5 years. _____, he has traveled and studied in
different places.
3. The sun is shining today. ____, our family doesn’t want to go camping.
4. My father cooks awfully. ____, my mother is a talented chef.
5. Some people said that adolescents don’t have the ability to earn money by starting up their
businesses. ____, according to statistics, the richest people in the world started their businesses at a
young age
Đáp án:
1. On the contrary
2. by/in contrast
3. In contrast
4. By/ in contrast
5. In contrast
Bài 3: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất cho mỗi câu sau:
1. Learning to ride a bicycle can be difficult at first, but, _______, it’s very enjoyable once you know how.
a) in contrast
b) by contrast
c) on the contrary
2. The north of the country is densely populated. _______, the south is sparsely populated.
a) On the contrary
b) By contrast
c) In contrast to
3. “You must be disappointed about not getting the job.” “_______, I’m actually quite relieved.”
a) In contrast
b) On the contrary
c) By contrast to
4. He’s not lazy. _______, he’s a very hard worker.
a) By contrast
b) On the contrary
c) In contrast to
5. Some people believe that city life is stressful and unhealthy. _______, many people find it exciting
and stimulating.
a) In contrast to
b) By contrast
c) On the contrary
6. The restaurant was very expensive, but the food was delicious. _______, the service was terrible.
a) In contrast
b) By contrast
c) On the contrary
7. I thought you were leaving tomorrow. _______, I’m leaving next week.
a) By contrast
b) In contrast
c) On the contrary
8. She’s not a bad person. _______, she’s actually very kind and generous.
a) In contrast to
b) By contrast
c) On the contrary
9. The company’s profits have been declining in recent years. _______, its stock price has been rising.
a) On the contrary
b) In contrast
c) By contrast to
10. He’s not afraid of heights. _______, he loves bungee jumping.
a) On the contrary
b) By contrast
c) In contrast
Đáp án:
1. b) by contrast
2. b) By contrast
3. b) On the contrary
4. b) On the contrary
5. c) On the contrary
6. b) By contrast
7. c) On the contrary
8. c) On the contrary
9. b) In contrast
10. a) On the contrary
Bài 4: Điền các cụm từ By contrast / In contrast / On the contrary phù hợp vào ô trống trong các câu sau:
1. Hanoi is known for its fast-paced lifestyle. __________, Dong Anh is known for its relaxed and laid-
back atmosphere.
2. The summer festival is known for its lively parades and music. The winter celebration, __________, is
a quiet, reflective event centered around family traditions.
3. __________ to the high-tech gadgets in urban households, rural areas often rely on simpler, more
traditional tools.
4. Apple Inc. is known for its sleek, high-end consumer electronics. __________, companies like Xiaomi
often offer more affordable options with similar features.
5. Chef Huy’s new dish was expected to be a hit. __________, it was met with mixed reviews and
disappointment.
6. The local markets in the outskirts offer a more relaxed and personal shopping experience,
__________ to the busy shopping malls in the city center.
7. Sarah's morning routine involves a quiet cup of coffee and reading the news. Her partner,
__________, starts the day with a high-intensity workout and a protein shake.
8. People often think that competitive sports are just about winning. __________, they teach teamwork,
resilience, and personal growth.
9. It is believed that the startup culture in Silicon Valley is driven solely by high salaries. __________, it
is also fueled by a strong spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
10. __________ to the high-energy sports scene in Los Angeles, the city of San Francisco is known for
its laid-back culture and scenic beauty.
Đáp án
1. In contrast / By contrast
2. in contrast / by contrast
3. In contrast
4. In contrast / By contrast
5. On the contrary
6. in contrast
7. in contrast / by contrast
8. On the contrary
9. On the contrary
10. In contrast
Bài 5: Điền "by contrast" vào chỗ thích hợp trong các câu sau:
1. John's handwriting is very neat. _______, his brother's handwriting is barely legible.
2. The north of the country experiences heavy snowfall in winter. _______, the south remains warm and
sunny.
3. Most animals are active during the day. _______, owls and bats are nocturnal.
4. Traditional teaching methods focus on memorization. _______, modern approaches emphasize
critical thinking.
5. The old system was slow and inefficient. _______, the new system is much faster and user-friendly.
6. In urban areas, people often rely on public transportation. _______, rural areas lack such facilities.
Đáp án
1. John's handwriting is very neat. By contrast, his brother's handwriting is barely legible.
2. The north of the country experiences heavy snowfall in winter. By contrast, the south remains warm
and sunny.
3. Most animals are active during the day. By contrast, owls and bats are nocturnal.
4. Traditional teaching methods focus on memorization. By contrast, modern approaches emphasize
critical thinking.
5. The old system was slow and inefficient. By contrast, the new system is much faster and user-
friendly.
6. In urban areas, people often rely on public transportation. By contrast, rural areas lack such facilities.
Bài 6: Chọn đáp án đúng
1. Mary is very sociable. _______, her sister prefers staying home.
a. Therefore
b. By contrast
c. Similarly
2. European countries have long histories. _______, many countries in the Americas are relatively
young.
a. By contrast
b. Consequently
c. However
3. Most people enjoy sunny weather. _______, there are those who prefer rainy days.
a. For example
b. By contrast
c. Because
4. The movie received critical acclaim. _______, the sequel was poorly reviewed.
a. By contrast
b. In addition
c. For instance
5. Students in Class A performed well on the test. _______, those in Class B struggled to pass.
a. In summary
b. By contrast
c. Similarly
6. This laptop is lightweight and portable. _______, that model is heavy and bulky.
a. As a result
b. By contrast
c. Moreover
Đáp án
1. b. By contrast
2. a. By contrast
3. b. By contrast
4. a. By contrast
5. b. By contrast
6. b. By contrast
Bài 7: Sửa lỗi sai trong các câu sau nếu cần thiết, có thể không thay đổi gì.
1. He prefers coffee. By contrast, his wife likes tea.
2. By contrast his behavior yesterday, he seems much calmer today.
3. The weather today is warm and sunny, by contrast, yesterday was cold and rainy.
4. By contrast to her brother, Anna excels in mathematics.
5. By contrast, to our expectations, the event was a failure.
6. John is very punctual. By contrast, his colleague often arrives late.
Đáp án
1. Đúng
2. Sai → Sửa thành: By contrast with his behavior yesterday, he seems much calmer today.
3. Sai → Sửa thành: The weather today is warm and sunny. By contrast, yesterday was cold and rainy.
4. Sai → Sửa thành: By contrast with her brother, Anna excels in mathematics.
5. Sai → Sửa thành: Contrary to our expectations, the event was a failure. (Không dùng "by contrast" với "to")
6. Đúng
Bài 8: Hoàn thành các câu sau bằng cách thêm cụm từ "by contrast".
1. The northern region experiences heavy rainfall. ___, the southern part of the country is dry and arid.
2. The first candidate was nervous and unprepared. ___, the second candidate spoke confidently and clearly.
3. Tom enjoys outdoor sports. ___, his brother prefers staying indoors with books and games.
Đáp án:
1. By contrast
2. By contrast
3. By contrast
Bài 9: Kết hợp các cặp câu sau bằng cách sử dụng "by contrast".
1. Anna likes classical music. Her sister enjoys rock and pop music.
2. This hotel is luxurious and expensive. That hotel is simple and affordable.
3. John works late hours every day. His coworker takes long breaks and finishes early.
Đáp án:
1. Anna likes classical music. By contrast, her sister enjoys rock and pop music.
2. This hotel is luxurious and expensive. By contrast, that hotel is simple and affordable.
3. John works late hours every day. By contrast, his coworker takes long breaks and finishes early.
Bài 10: Chọn câu nào sử dụng "by contrast" đúng cách.
1. a. He stayed home all day. By contrast, she went out to meet her friends.
b. He stayed home all day, and by contrast she enjoyed the party with her friends.
2. a. My phone is old and slow. By contrast, my sister's phone is fast and new.
b. My phone is old and slow, by contrast to my sister's fast and new phone.
3. a. The students were quiet during the lecture. By contrast, they became loud during the break.
b. The students were quiet during the lecture. By contrast became loud during the break.
Đáp án:
1. a
2. a
3. a
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