Cấu trúc there is, there are | Định nghĩa, cách dùng và bài tập vận dụng

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Cấu trúc there is, there are | Định nghĩa, cách dùng và bài tập vận dụng

Định nghĩa của there is, there are

1. Cấu trúc There is

Cấu trúc There is có nghĩa là “có” hoặc “có gì đó”. Là cấu trúc dùng để miêu tả sự vật, sự việc hoặc một hiện tượng nhất định ở hiện tại. Bên cạnh đó, cấu trúc “there is” dùng để diễn liệt kê đối với các danh từ số ít hoặc danh từ không đếm được. 

Ví dụ: 

  • There is a book lying on my desk. (Có một quyển sách đang đặt ở trên bàn học của tôi.)
  • There is not much milk in the refrigerator. So I ate bread with eggs. (Không có nhiều sữa ở trong tủ lạnh. Vì thế tôi đã ăn bánh mì với trứng.)

2. Cấu trúc There are 

Cấu trúc There are thường dùng để miêu tả sự vật, sự việc hoặc hiện tượng nhất định. Ngoài ra còn dùng để liệt kê đối với các danh từ số nhiều hoặc danh từ đếm được.

Ví dụ:

  • There are 25 books on the shelf, I have counted them very carefully. (Có 25 quyển sách ở trên giá, tôi đã đếm rất kỹ rồi.)
  • There are not many animals in the circus. (Không có nhiều động vật ở trong rạp xiếc.)

Cách dùng there is, và there are

1. Cấu trúc khẳng định

a. Cấu trúc There is

Cấu trúc: There is + a/an/one/the + danh từ số ít

Ví dụ:

  • There is a book, a pen and a ruler on the table. (Có một quyển sách, một cái bút và một cái thước kẻ ở trên bàn.)
  • There is an expensive car parked at the gate of my school. (Có một chiếc xe đắt tiền được đặt ở cổng trường của tôi.)

b. Cấu trúc There are 

Cấu trúc:  There are + danh từ đếm được số nhiều

Ví dụ:

  • There are two dogs in the house. (Có hai con chó ở trong nhà.)
  • There are many beautiful scenes in Vietnam. (Có rất nhiều cảnh đẹp ở Việt Nam.)

2. Cấu trúc phủ định

a. Cấu trúc There is

Cấu trúc:  There is not + any + danh từ không đếm được hoặc There is not +  a/an/any + danh từ  số ít

Ví dụ: 

  • There's not much coffee left at home, can we go out for coffee? (Không còn nhiều cafe ở nhà, chúng ta ra ngoài uống cafe được không?)
  • There is not much milk in the refrigerator. (Không có nhiều sữa ở trong tủ lạnh.)

b. Cấu trúc There are 

Cấu trúc: There are not + any/many/ từ chỉ số lượng + danh từ đếm được số nhiều

Ví dụ:

  • There aren't many nice shoes in that store. (Không có nhiều giày đẹp ở trong cửa hàng kia.)
  • There are not many horses on the track. (Không có nhiều ngựa ở trên đường đua.)

3. Cấu trúc nghi vấn 

a. Cấu trúc There is

Cấu trúc: Is there any + danh từ không đếm được hoặc Is there + a/an + danh từ đếm được số ít?

Ví dụ:

  • Is there any cereal left for supper? (Có còn ngũ cốc cho bữa xế chiều không?)
  • Is there an eraser in your backpack? (Có một cục tẩy trong balo của bạn phải không?)

b. Cấu trúc There are 

Cấu trúc: Are there any + danh từ đếm được số nhiều? hoặc How many are there + danh từ đếm được số nhiều?

Ví dụ:

  • Are there many cats in your house? (Có nhiều mèo trong nhà bạn phải không?)
  • How many students are there in class? (Có bao nhiêu học sinh ở trong lớp?)

Cách dùng đặc biệt của there is, there are

1. There is + someone/ anyone/ no one/ something/ anything/ nothing

Là cấu trúc thường dùng để nói về một sự vật, hiện tượng hoặc bất kỳ ai đó.

Ví dụ: 

  • There is some call you (Có ai đó gọi bạn.)
  • Is there anything wrong with you? (Có chuyện gì với bạn vậy?)

2. There + is + Noun/ something/ someone/...+ mệnh đề quan hệ/ to- Infinitive

Ví dụ:

  • There is a very good movie that I want to see. (Có một bộ phim rất hay mà tôi muốn xem.)
  • There is something I must say. You definitely must not miss it. (Có vài điều tôi phải nói. Bạn nhất định không được bỏ lỡ.)

3. There is a number of + danh từ số nhiều

Ví dụ:

  • There is a number of boxes of cakes at the grocery store. (Có một số hộp bánh ở cửa hàng tạp hóa.)
  • There is a number of orange results in the cabinet. (Có một số kết quả cam trong tủ.)

4. There are a number of + danh từ số nhiều

Ví dụ:

  • There are a number of several drinking glasses in the cupboard. You can get it to use. (Có một số ly uống rượu ở trong tủ. Bạn có thể lấy để sử dụng.)
  • There are a number of the book in the bookstore. (Có một số cuốn sách trong hiệu sách.)

5. There is/are a variety of + danh từ số nhiều 

Ví dụ:

  • There are a variety of spices here for you to choose from. (Có rất nhiều gia vị ở đây để bạn lựa chọn.)
  • There are a variety of beautiful clothes in my friend's closet. (Có rất nhiều quần áo đẹp trong tủ quần áo của tôi.)

6. There is no point + V-ing = It is pointless + to V

Ví dụ:

  • There is no point staying here. My family has settled in the US already. (Không có lý do nào để ở lại đây cả. Gia đình tôi đã định cư ở Mỹ cả rồi.)
  • There is no point going shopping, the refrigerator still has plenty of food. (Không cần đi siêu thị đâu, tủ lạnh vẫn còn rất nhiều đồ ăn.)

Bài tập there is và there are 

Bài tập 1: Điền There is/ There are/ There isn’t/ There aren’t vào chỗ trống 

1…………… the number of mosquitoes increased abnormally this summer.

2.……………… still a pack? I think I ordered some

3. Fortunately,……………have two rooms at the Bungalow homestay

4. Are you sure there's milk in the fridge?

5. …………… 25 boys and 10 girls in his graduating class.

6. ………….nothing is as delicious as my dad cooks

7. …………any pens in my pen case. Please go to the supply room and get me a new one.

8. ………… a black panther in the backyard when I went out this morning.

9. I look high and low but…………

10. …………no need to cry over spilled food. 

Đáp án

1. There is

2. Isn’t there

3. There is

4. There isn’t

5. There are

6. There is

7. There isn’t

8. There is

9. There aren’t

10. There is

Bài tập 2: Sắp xếp các từ sau thành câu hoàn chỉnh

1.There/ three books/ front of/ table/ room.

2. There/ a trash/ the right side/ my bed.

3. There/ seven Malaysian students/ my class.

4. There/ a new restaurant/ near town/ sell Chinese food.

5. There/ eight other people/are/ still/ arrive.

Đáp án

1.There are three books in front of the table in the room.

2. There is a trash can on the right side of my bed.

3. There are seven Malaysian students in my class.

4. There's a new restaurant near town that sells Chinese food.

5. There are eight other people who are still to arrive.

Bài tập 3: Điền các cấu trúc “There is”, “There are”, “There isn’t”, “There aren’t”, “Is there”, “Are there” vào các chỗ trống sau.

1. __________ a book on the table.

2. __________ any milk in the fridge.

3. __________ some flowers in the vase.

4. __________ a television and a chair in my room.

5. __________ many people in the park.

6. __________ a cat in the garden?

7. __________ any apples on the tree?

8. __________ a movie theater in your hometown?

9. __________ any students in the classroom?

10. __________ any chairs available for the meeting?

11. __________ a cat under the table.

12. __________ any oranges in the fruit basket.

13. __________ some chairs in the living room.

14. __________ a problem with the computer.

15. __________ any water in the bottle.

16. __________ a supermarket nearby?

17. __________ any flowers in the garden?

18. __________ a swimming pool in the hotel?

19. __________ any problems with the project?

20. __________ any restaurants open late?

Đáp án

1. There is a book on the table.

2. There isn’t any milk in the fridge.

3. There are some flowers in the vase.

4. There is a television and a chair in my room.

5. There are many people in the park.

6. Is there a cat in the garden?

7. Are there any apples on the tree?

8. Is there a movie theater in your hometown?

9. Are there any students in the classroom?

10. Are there any chairs available for the meeting?

11. There is a cat under the table.

12. There aren’t any oranges in the fruit basket.

13. There are some chairs in the living room.

14. There is a problem with the computer.

15. There isn’t any water in the bottle.

16. Is there a supermarket nearby?

17. Are there any flowers in the garden?

18. Is there a swimming pool in the hotel?

19. Are there any problems with the project?

20. Are there any restaurants open late?

Bài tập 4: Viết lại các câu sau theo cấu trúc với “There is”, There are”

1. A bird is on the oak tree.

2. Some magazines are on the table.

3. A rule and a pen are in my bag.

4. Two cars are in the garden.

5. Many people are at the party.

6. An apple is on the tree.

7. Some flowers are in the garden.

8. A chair is next to the window.

9. Three dogs are in the park.

10. A problem exists with the computer.

Đáp án

1. A bird is on the oak tree. →There is a bird on the oak tree.

2. Some magazines are on the table. → There are some magazines on the table.

3. A rule and a pen are in my bag. → There is a rule and a pen in my bag.

4. Two cars are in the garden. → There are two cars in the garden.

5. Many people are at the party. → There are many people at the party.

6. An apple is on the tree. → There is an apple on the tree.

7. Some flowers are in the garden. → There are some flowers in the garden.

8. A chair is next to the window. → There is a chair next to the window.

9. Three dogs are in the park. → There are three dogs in the park.

10. A problem exists with the computer. → There is a problem with the computer.

Bài tập 5: Hãy viết các câu sau sang dạng phủ định

1. There is a cat in the backyard.

2. There are some comics on the table.

3. There is a book and a rule in my bag.

4. There are two ships on the beach.

5. There are a lot of people in the meeting room.

6. There is a book on the table.

7. There are some weeds in the garden.

8. There is a dog under the chair.

9. There are three apples in the basket.

10. There is a pen in the drawer.

Đáp án

1. There is a cat in the backyard. → There isn’t a cat in the backyard.

2. There are some comics on the table. → There aren’t any comics on the table.

3. There is a book and a rule in my bag. → There isn’t a book and a rule in my bag.

4. There are two ships on the beach. → There aren’t two ships on the beach.

5. There are a lot of people in the meeting room. → There aren’t a lot of people in the

meeting room.

6. There is a book on the table. → There isn’t a book on the table.

7. There are some weeds in the garden. → There aren’t any weeds in the garden.

8. There is a dog under the chair. → There isn’t a dog under the chair.

9. There are three apples in the basket. → There aren’t three apples in the basket.

10. There is a pen in the drawer. → There isn’t a pen in the drawer.

Bài tập 6: Viết lại các câu sau sang dạng nghi vấn

1. There is a cat in the garden.

2. There are some apples on the tree.

3. There is a movie theater in this town.

4. There are many students in the classroom.

5. There are many chairs available for the meeting.

6. There is a dog in the park.

7. There are some cookies in the jar.

8. There is a car in the garage.

9. There are many staff members in the meeting room.

10. There is a chair in the corner.

Đáp án

1. There is a cat in the garden. → Is there a cat in the garden?

2. There are some apples on the tree. → Are there any apples on the tree?

3. There is a movie theater in this town. → Is there a movie theater in this town?

4. There are many students in the classroom. → Are there any students in the classroom?

5. There are many chairs available for the meeting. → Are there any chairs available for the meeting?

6. There is a dog in the park. → Is there a dog in the park?

7. There are some cookies in the jar. → Are there any cookies in the jar?

8. There is a car in the garage. → Is there a car in the garage?

9. There are many staff members in the meeting room. → Are there any staff members in the meeting rooms?

10. There is a chair in the corner. → Is there a chair in the corner?

Bài tập 7: There is there are sắp xếp từ thành câu hoàn chỉnh

1. There / a book / on / the table.

2. Some / children / in / the playground.

3. There / not / any / apple juice / in / the fridge.

4. A / cat / under / the / tree.

5. There / some / flowers / in / the vase.

6. Not / any / cars / in / the supermarket parking lot.

7. Some / birds / on / the / roof.

8. There / not / any / chairs / in / the room.

9. A / dog / in / the garden.

Đáp án

1. There is a book on the table.

2. There are some children in the playground.

3. There isn’t any apple juice in the fridge.

4. There is a cat under the tree.

5. There are some flowers in the vase.

6. There are not any cars in the supermarket parking lot.

7. There are some birds on the roof.

8. There are not any chairs in the room.

9. There is a dog in the garden.

Bài tập 8: Hãy tìm và sửa các lỗi sai trong các câu sau:

1. There is some books on the table.

2. There are a problem with the computer.

3. There is three chairs in the room.

4. There are any apples in the basket.

5. There is a cats in the garden.

6. There are not any soda in the bottle.

7. There are a book and a mobile in the car.

8. There is three people waiting outside.

9. There are not a problem with the car.

10. There are some milk in the fridge.

11. Is there any chairs in the room?

12. Are there a book on the table?

13. Are there not any cats in the garden?

Đáp án

1. There are some books on the table.

2. There is a problem with the computer.

3. There are three chairs in the room.

4. There are many apples in the basket.

5. There are cats in the garden.

6. There is not any soda in the bottle.

7. There is a book and mobile in the car.

8. There are three people waiting outside.

9. There isn’t a problem with the car.

10. There is some milk in the fridge.

11. Are there any chairs in the room?

12. Is there a book on the table?

13. Aren’t there any cats in the garden?

Bài tập 9: Điền vào chỗ trống There is/ There are theo phủ định, khẳng định và nghi vấn hợp lý:

1. ………………….. windows in this room.

2. ………………….. teddies are there under the table?

3. ………………….. three cabinets in this room.

4. ………………….. a picture on the wall.

5. ………………….. a computer on the table.

6. ………………….. two carpets on the floor?

7. ………………….. flowerpots are there on the table?

8. ………………….. a ball next to a bed.

9. ………………….. guitars next to the bookshelf.

10. ………………….. any light in the room?

Đáp án

1.  There are windows in this room.

2. How many teddies are there under the table?

3. There are three cabinets in this room.

4. There is a picture on the wall.

5. There’s not a computer on the table.

6. Are there two carpets on the floor?

7. How many flowerpots are there on the table?

8. There is a ball next to a bed.

9. There’re not guitars next to the bookshelf.

10.  Is there any light in the room?

Bài tập 10: Điền vào chỗ trống

1. _____ a pen on the desk.

2. _____ any water in the bottle.

3. _____ some flowers in the vase.

4. _____ two cats under the table.

5. _____ a supermarket near my house.

Đáp án

1. There is

2. There isn’t

3. There are

4. There are

5. There is

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