Were và Was | Định nghĩa, cách dùng, Cách trường hợp đặc biệt khi dùng Was và Were và bài tập vận dụng
Was và Were là gì?
Was là gì? Were là gì? Was và Were đóng vai trò là động từ tobe của trong thì quá khứ đơn và thì quá khứ tiếp diễn, được sử dụng để diễn tả hành động hoặc trạng thái của chủ ngữ. Ví dụ:
- I was doing my homework at 9pm yesterday evening. (Vào 9 giờ tối qua, tôi đang làm bài tập về nhà.)
- I looked all over, but my papers were nowhere to be found. (Tôi đã tìm khắp nơi nhưng không thấy giấy tờ của tôi đâu cả.)
Cách dùng Was và Were phổ biến
Cùng 1900 tìm hiểu Was và Were được sử dụng như thế nào nhé!
1. Trong thì quá khứ đơn
Cách dùng Was và Were phổ biến
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Cấu trúc
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Ví dụ
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Khẳng định
|
S + was/were + O
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She was the manager of the team. (Cô ấy đã là quản lý của đội.)
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Phủ định
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S + was/were (not) + O
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They were not happy with the results. (Họ đã không hài lòng với kết quả.)
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Nghi vấn
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Was/Were + S + O?
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Were you at the meeting yesterday? (Bạn có ở cuộc họp hôm qua không?)
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2. Trong thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Cách dùng Was và Were phổ biến
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Cấu trúc
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Ví dụ
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Khẳng định
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S + was/were + V-ing
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She was reading a book when I called her. (Cô ấy đang đọc sách khi tôi gọi điện cho cô ấy.)
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Phủ định
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S + was/were (not) + V-ing
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They were not watching TV when I arrived. (Họ không đang xem TV khi tôi đến.)
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Nghi vấn
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Was/Were + S + V-ing?
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Were you studying when the phone rang? (Bạn có đang học bài khi điện thoại reo không?)
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Cách trường hợp đặc biệt khi dùng Was và Were
Phía trên chúng ta đã tìm hiểu về chủ ngữ đi với Was và Were, tuy nhiên vẫn còn những trường hợp ngoại lệ khác. Hãy cùng 1900 tìm hiểu ngay dưới đây bạn nhé!
1. Trong câu điều kiện
Trong câu điều kiện loại 2, bất cứ chủ ngữ nào cũng đều sẽ đi với động từ tobe “Were”.
Cấu trúc
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Ví dụ
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If + chủ ngữ + were/V2-ed…, chủ ngữ + would/could…
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If Jennie were at home, she could meet her grandparents. (Nếu Jennie ở nhà, cô ấy đã có thể gặp ông bà của mình.)
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2. Trong câu ước
Tương tự, bất kỳ chủ ngữ nào trong câu ước loại 2, không phân biệt ngôi thứ nhất, ngôi thứ hai hay ngôi thứ ba, số ít hay số nhiều thì cũng chỉ có thể đi với “Were” như trong cấu trúc ở bảng sau:
Cấu trúc
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Ví dụ
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Chủ ngữ 1 + wish + chủ ngữ 2 + were/V2-ed
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I wish I were a princess, that way I could wear lots of beautiful dresses! (Tôi ước tôi là công chúa, tôi sẽ được mặc nhiều váy đẹp!)
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3. Trong câu bị động
Ở trong câu bị động của quá khứ đơn, was và were được dùng như một trợ động từ, dùng để miêu tả chủ ngữ đã bị (được) tác động bởi gì đó trong quá khứ.
Cấu trúc
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Ví dụ
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S + was + V-ed/p3 … (by …)
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The cake was baked by my mother. (Bánh kem được nướng bởi mẹ tôi.)
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S + were + V-ed/p3 … (by …)
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The reports were finished by the team last week. (Các báo cáo đã được hoàn thành bởi đội ngũ tuần trước.)
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Bài tập phân biệt Was và Were
Bài tập 1: Trắc nghiệm: Khoanh tròn câu đúng
1. There ……… more than forty people at the meeting.
A. were
B. was
C. wasn’t
2. A. How old ………. you last year? B. I ………. twenty years old.
A. were/ were
B. were/ was
C. was/ were
3. A. Where ………. Tom last night? B. He ………. at home.
A. was/ were
B. were/ were
C. was/ was
4. The bus was late, so Alex and Sam ………. also late for class this morning.
A. were
B. was
C. weren’t
5. A. Were you sick last week? B.No, I ………..
A. weren’t
B. were
C. wasn’t
6. A. ………. Maria here an hour ago? B. Yes, she was.
A. Were
B. Was
C. Weren’t
7. I’m a teacher now, but I ………. a student in 2015.
A. am
B. was
C. were
8. We had a great time at the party. It ………. lots of fun.
A. was
B. were
C. is
9. My friend and I ………. at the library yesterday afternoon.
A. wasn’t
B. was
C. were
10. Where did you go on the weekend? Why ………. you at home?
A. wasn’t
B. were
C. weren’t
11. Cathy is a police officer now, but she ………. a pilot last year.
A. was
B. weren’t
C. is
12. A. Where ………. you born? B. I ………. born in Peru.
A. were/ were
B. were/ was
C. was/ were
13. That movie ………. really funny! I laughed all night!
A. were
B. wasn’t
C. was
14. I thought the cookies ………. delicious, so I ate six of them!
A. was
B. were
C. weren’t
15. There ………. nothing I could do, so I asked for help.
A. was
B. wasn’t
C. were
16. Our science teacher said that some dinosaurs ………. huge.
A. was
B. are
C. were
Đáp án
Đáp án |
Giải thích |
1. A |
“There were” được sử dụng để chỉ số lượng nhiều người hoặc vật trong quá khứ. |
2. A |
“How old were you last year?”/ “I was twenty years old.” Đều sử dụng động từ “were” vì chúng ta nói về quá khứ và “you” là một số nhiều. |
3. C |
“Was Tom” và “He was” đều là câu đúng về quá khứ. |
4. A |
“Alex and Sam were also late” sử dụng động từ “were” vì chúng ta nói về hai người (nhóm nhiều). |
5. A |
“Were you sick?”/ “No, I weren’t.” – Chúng ta sử dụng “weren’t” vì câu hỏi được hình thành trong quá khứ và “you” là một số nhiều. |
6. A |
“Were Maria here an hour ago?”/ “Yes, she was.” – “Maria” đề cập đến một người, do đó chúng ta sử dụng “were” vì câu hỏi hình thành trong quá khứ. |
7. B |
“I was a student in 2015.” – Sử dụng “was” vì đề cập đến quá khứ. |
8. A |
“It was lots of fun.” – Sử dụng “was” vì chúng ta đang mô tả một sự kiện trong quá khứ (buổi tiệc). |
9. C |
“My friend and I were at the library yesterday afternoon.” – “We were” được sử dụng vì đề cập đến hai người (nhóm nhiều) và đề hình thành trong quá khứ. |
10. B |
“Why were you at home?” – Sử dụng “were” vì “you” là một số nhiều và đề cập đến quá khứ. |
11. A |
“Cathy was a pilot last year.” – Sử dụng “was” vì chúng ta đang mô tả một công việc hoặc trạng thái trong quá khứ. |
12. B |
“Where were you born?”/ “I was born in Peru.” – Sử dụng “were” vì “you” là một số nhiều và đề cập đến quá khứ. |
13. C |
“That movie was really funny!” – Sử dụng “was” vì đang mô tả một sự kiện trong quá khứ (bộ phim). |
14. B |
“I thought the cookies were delicious” – “were” được sử dụng vì “cookies” là một số nhiều. |
15. A |
“There was nothing I could do” – Sử dụng “was” vì “nothing” chỉ một thứ trong quá khứ. |
16. C |
“Some dinosaurs were huge.” – Sử dụng “were” vì chúng ta đang nói về các loài khủng long trong quá khứ. |
Bài tập 2: Chuyển những câu sau sang thì quá khứ đơn với to be
1. My dog is in the park.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
2. A book is on the shelf.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
3. They are not hungry.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
4. You are my best friend.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
5. These boys are very kind.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
6. There is a laptop case on the table.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
7. That is a grasshopper.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
8. Emily is in Paris.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
9. I am seven years old.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
10. They are at the park.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
Đáp án
1. My dog was in the park.
2. A book was on the shelf.
3. They were not hungry.
4. You were my best friend.
5. These boys were very kind.
6. There was a laptop case on the table.
7. That was a grasshopper.
8. Emily was in Paris.
9. I was seven years old.
10. They were at the park.
Bài tập 3: Trắc nghiệm chọn đáp án A, B, C, D
1. People ………. more polite in the past.
A. are
B. were
C. was
D. did
2. I can’t find my keys. They ………. here this morning.
A. are
B. is
C. was
D. were
3. Alexander Graham Bell ………. the inventor of the telephone.
A. are
B. is
C. was
D. were
4. The weather ………. very good yesterday.
A. was
B. were
C. did
D. is
5. In summer 2010, I ………. in Brazil.
A. am
B. was
C. were
D. did
6. A: When ………. your exam? B: It ………. yesterday.
A. was/ was
B. were/ was
C. was/ were
D. were/ were
7. The lesson ………. boring. It ………. interesting.
A. isn’t/ wasn’t
B. weren’t/ was
C. wasn’t/ was
D. weren’t/ were
8. He ………. a famous actor in the 1990s.
A. am
B. was
C. were
D. did
9. Where ………. you last night?
A. are
B. were
C. did
D. was
10. Everybody ………. in the class yesterday.
A. were
B. are
C. was
D. is
Đáp án
Đáp án |
Giải thích |
1. were |
“the first penguins” là danh từ số nhiều nên động từ ‘to be’ chia theo số nhiều là “were”. |
2. was |
“she” là ngôi thứ ba số ít nên động từ ‘to be’ chia theo số ít là “was”. |
3. was |
“the winner” là danh từ số ít nên động từ ‘to be’ chia theo số ít là “was”. |
4. Was |
“your teacher” là danh từ số ít nên động từ ‘to be’ chia theo số ít là “was”. |
5. was |
“that noise” là danh từ số ít nên động từ ‘to be’ chia theo số ít là “was”. |
6. were |
“you” là ngôi thứ hai nên động từ ‘to be’ chia theo số nhiều là “were”. |
7. Were |
“your parents” là danh từ số nhiều nên động từ ‘to be’ chia theo số nhiều là “were”. |
8. were |
“you” là ngôi thứ hai nên động từ ‘to be’ chia theo số nhiều là “were”. |
9. were |
“you” là ngôi thứ hai nên động từ ‘to be’ chia theo số nhiều là “were”. |
10. Was |
“your phone” là danh từ số ít nên động từ ‘to be’ chia theo số ít là “was”. |
Bài tập 4: Điền Was hoặc Were vào chỗ trống phù hợp trong các câu sau:
1. I _____ at the library yesterday.
2. She _____ sick last week.
3. They _____ at the movie last night.
4. We _____ not able to finish the project on time.
5. If I _____ you, I would take a break.
Đáp án:
1. I was at the library yesterday.
2. She was sick last week.
3. They were at the movie last night.
4. We were not able to finish the project on time.
5. If I were you, I would take a break.
Bài tập 5: Sử dụng câu ước loại 2 để viết lại các câu sau:
1. I didn’t go to my school’sthe Summer party last night.
2. She didn’t tell me the truth about her family.
3. We didn’t finish our project on time.
4. They didn’t get the job.
5. I didn’t see you at the conference.
Đáp án:
1. I wish I had gone to my school’s Summer the party last night.
2. She wished she had told me the truth about her family.
3. We wished we had finished our project on time.
4. They wished they had gotten the job.
5. I wish I had seen you at the conference.
Bài tập 6: Điền Was hoặc Were vào các câu sau sao cho phù hợp
1. The concert ___ amazing. Everyone in the audience ___ singing along.
2. The movie ___ really scary. We ___ all scared during the climax.
3. The toys in the store ___ colorful. The children ___ excited to play with them.
4. The mountains ___ covered in snow. We ___ skiing all day.
5. The traffic ___ terrible yesterday. We ___ stuck for hours.
6. The cookies ___ delicious. They ___ gone in minutes.
7. The students ___ well-prepared for the exam. They ___ studying hard all week.
8. The presentation ___ informative. The audience ___ engaged throughout.
9. The party last night ___ a lot of fun. Everyone ___ dancing and laughing.
10. The new restaurant in town ___ very crowded. People ___ waiting outside for a table.
Đáp án:
1. The concert was amazing. Everyone in the audience was singing along.
2. The movie was really scary. We were all scared during the climax.
3. The toys in the store were colorful. The children were excited to play with them.
4. The mountains were covered in snow. We were skiing all day.
5. The traffic was terrible yesterday. We were stuck for hours.
6. The cookies were delicious. They were gone in minutes.
7. The students were well-prepared for the exam. They were studying hard all week.
8. The presentation was informative. The audience was engaged throughout.
9. The party last night was a lot of fun. Everyone was dancing and laughing.
10. The new restaurant in town was very crowded. People were waiting outside for a table.
Bài tập 7: Sử dụng câu ước loại 2 để viết lại các câu sau:
1. She didn't study, so she failed the test.
2. They didn't arrive on time, so they missed the beginning of the movie.
3. He didn't listen to my advice, so he made a big mistake.
4. I didn't bring my laptop, so I couldn't work on the project.
5. We didn't book tickets in advance, so we couldn't attend the concert.
6. She didn't practice enough, so she didn't win the competition.
7. They didn't follow the instructions, so they got lost in the city.
8. He didn't exercise regularly, so he gained weight.
9. I didn't take my umbrella, so I got soaked in the rain.
10. We didn't pack warm clothes, so we felt cold during the trip.
Đáp án
1. If she had studied, she wouldn't have failed the test.
2. If they had arrived on time, they wouldn't have missed the beginning of the movie.
3. If he had listened to my advice, he wouldn't have made a big mistake.
4. If I had brought my laptop, I could have worked on the project.
5. If we had booked tickets in advance, we could have attended the concert.
6. If she had practiced enough, she would have won the competition.
7. If they had followed the instructions, they wouldn't have gotten lost in the city.
8. If he had exercised regularly, he wouldn't have gained weight.
9. If I had taken my umbrella, I wouldn't have gotten soaked in the rain.
10. If we had packed warm clothes, we wouldn't have felt cold during the trip.
Bài tập 8: Điền Was hoặc Were vào các câu sau sao cho phù hợp
1. The cake ___ delicious. Everyone at the party ___ impressed by it.
2. The kids ___ excited about the new playground. They ___ playing there all afternoon.
3. The book ___ on the table. I ___ looking for it everywhere.
4. The flowers in the garden ___ beautiful. They ___ blooming in different colors.
5. The teacher ___ happy with our test results. We ___ all very proud.
6. The sky ___ clear last night. The stars ___ shining brightly.
7. The animals at the zoo ___ very active. The children ___ thrilled to see them.
8. The hotel we stayed at ___ very comfortable. The rooms ___ clean and spacious.
9. My friends ___ surprised to see me at the party. I ___ happy to join them.
10. The weather yesterday ___ perfect for a picnic. We ___ enjoying every moment of it.
Đáp án:
1. was- was
2. were- were
3. was- was
4. were- were.
5. was- were
6. was- were
7. were- were
8. was- were
9. were – was
10. was- were
Bài tập 9: Viết lại câu thì quá khứ đơn sử dụng từ gợi ý đã cho.
1. Yesterday/I/see/Jaden/on/way/come home.
2. What/you/do/last Monday/You/look/tired/when/come/our house.
3. Linda/not/eat/anything/because/full.
4. cats/go/out/him/go shopping//They/look/happy.
5. You and your classmates/not/study/lesson?
Đáp án
1. Yesterday, I saw Jaden on the way I came home.
2. What did you do last Monday? You looked tired when you came to our house.
3. Linda didn’t eat anything because she was full.
4. The cats went out with him to go shopping. They looked very happy.
5. Did you and your classmates not study the lesson?
Bài tập 10: Chia các động từ sau ở thì quá khứ đơn.
1. I _____ at my mom’s home yesterday. (stay)
2. Hannah ______ to the theatre last Sunday. (go)
3. I and my classmates ______ a great time in Da Nang last year. (have)
4. My holiday in California last summer ______ wonderful. (be)
5. Last January I _____ Sword Lake in Ha Noi. (visit)
6. My grandparents ____ very tired after the trip. (be)
7. I _______ a lot of gifts for my older brother. (buy)
8. James and Belle _______ sharks, dolphins and turtles at Vinpearl aquarium. (see)
9. Gary _____ chicken and rice for lunch. (eat)
10. We ____ about their holiday in Ca Mau. (talk)
Đáp án
1. stayed
2. went
3. had
4. was
5. visited
|
6. were
7. bought
8. saw
9. ate
10. talked
|
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