So that | Khái niệm, cấu trúc và bài tập vận dụng

So that | Khái niệm, cấu trúc và bài tập vận dụng

So that là gì?

Cấu trúc So that đều mang nghĩa là “quá … đến nỗi mà“, được dùng trong trường hợp giải thích kết quả hoặc để giải thích ý kiến ​​về một điều gì đó (đã được đề từ cập trước).

Được sử dụng để mô tả cả nguyên nhân và kết quả của tình huống trong câu.

 Các cấu trúc So that

STT	Cấu trúc So that	Ví dụ
1	S + be + so + adj + that + S ​+ V	The water was so hot that Harry couldn’t drink it. (Đồ uống nóng quá đến nỗi Harry không thể uống được.) This cake is so delicious that everyone likes it. (Chiếc bánh này ngon đến mức ai cũng thích nó.)
2	S + một số động từ chỉ tri giác + so + adj + that + S + V Trong đó: Một số động từ chỉ tri giác như feel, seem, taste, look, smell, sound….	Anna felt so angry that she decided to cancel the plan. (Anna tức giận quá đến nỗi mà cô ấy đã hủy ngay kế hoạch.) John looks so handsome that every girl in school looks at him. (Trông John đẹp trai quá đến mức mọi cô gái trong trường đều nhìn anh ấy)
3	S + V(thường) + so + adv + that + S + V Cấu trúc So that này hay đi cùng với danh từ, trong câu thường xuất hiện so many, much/little.	Linda drove so quickly that no one could catch her up. (Linda lái xe nhanh đến nỗi mà không ai đuổi kịp cô ta).
4	S + V + so + many/few + plural/countable noun + that + S + V	John has so many shoes that he spends much time choosing the most suitable. (John có nhiều đôi giày đến nỗi anh ấy dành rất nhiều thời gian để chọn lựa chiếc thích hợp nhất.)
5	S + V + so + much/little + uncountable noun + that + S + V	Anna ate so much pizza in the morning that she felt bad. (Buổi sáng Anna uống nhiều sữa đến nỗi mà cô ta cảm thấy khó chịu.)
6	S + V + so + adj + a + noun (đếm được số ít) + that + S + V	It was so big a villa that all of us could live in it. (Đó là một biệt thự lớn đến nỗi tất cả chúng tôi đều ở được trong đấy.) John has so good a laptop that he has used it for five years without any errors in it. (John có chiếc máy tính tốt đến mức anh ấy đã dùng 5 năm mà không có lỗi.)
7	Cấu trúc So that đảo ngữ: Đối với tính từ: So + adj + be + S + that + S + V Đối với động từ: So + adv + trợ động từ + S + V + O	So beautiful is the dress that everybody wants to buy it. (Chiếc váy này đẹp quá khiến ai cũng muốn mua nó). So carelessly did Jenny drive that there were many accidents last weekend. (Jenny lái ẩu đến mức mà cuối tuần qua đã có rất nhiều vụ tai nạn).

Một Số Lưu Ý Khi Sử Dụng So that

• Trong các bài tập viết lại câu, nếu phía trước tính từ và trạng từ có các từ như too, very, so, quite,… cần loại bỏ các từ này trong câu so that.

Ví dụ:  He is very strong. He can lift the box.

=> He is so strong that he can lift the box
(Anh ấy khoẻ đến nỗi có thể bê được cả cái hộp)

• Không dùng a lot of, lots trong câu so that mà đổi thành much, many

Ví dụ: He drank a lot of wine. He became drunk.

=> He drank so much wine that he became drunk.
(Anh ta uống nhiều rượu tới nỗi say mèm)

• Sau that cần viết lại toàn bộ mệnh đề. 

Cấu Trúc Tương Đương So That

Trong tiếng Anh, khi thể hiện ý nghĩa cái gì đó “quá” một cách không mong muốn, ngoài cấu trúc so that, bạn có thể sử dụng cấu trúc too… to.

Tuy nhiên, cấu trúc too… to thường có ý nghĩa tiêu cực nhiều hơn.

Công thức: Too + adj + to + V

Ví dụ: She was too sleepy to drive.
(Cô ấy quá buồn ngủ để lái xe)

The girl was too young to understand.
(Cô gái ấy còn quá trẻ để hiểu mọi chuyện). 

Trong trường hợp các mệnh đề có chủ ngữ khác nhau, ta có cấu trúc

Too + adj + for sb + to + V.

Ví dụ: The coffee was too hot for her to drink.
(Cốc coffee quá nóng để cô ấy có thể uống luôn)

Cách dùng So that trong tiếng Anh

So that	Such that
Giống nhau	Cả So that và Such that có cùng ý nghĩa trong một câu là “quá … đến nỗi/đến mức” So that và Such that được dùng để giải thích hoặc diễn đạt cả nguyên nhân và kết quả trong một tình huống hay một ý kiến đã đề cập trước đó.
Khác nhau	Trước adj/ adv nếu có too, so, very, quite… thì lược bỏ. Với a lot of, lots of thì phải đổi sang much, many. Sau “that” cần viết lại toàn bộ mệnh đề. Cấu trúc So that thường dùng để cảm thán và bộc lộ cảm xúc với một đối tượng, sự việc hoặc sự vật. Ví dụ: John is very strong. John can lift the box.  => John is so strong that he can lift the box. (John khỏe đến mức có thể nâng chiếc hộp lên.) Jenny drank a lot of beer. She became drunk.  => Jenny drank so much beer that she became drunk. (Jenny uống nhiều bia đến mức say.) John bought lots of books. He didn’t know where to put them.  => John bought so many books that he didn’t know where to put them. (John mua nhiều sách đến nỗi không biết xếp chúng ở đâu.)	Trước adj/ adv nếu có too, so, very, quite… thì lược bỏ. Nếu danh từ là số ít hoặc không đếm được thì không sử dụng a/ an. Nếu sau adj không có danh từ thì cần lấy danh từ ở đầu câu vào, sau đó thế đại từ vào chủ từ. Ví dụ: Peter is a very naughty boy. No one likes him  => Peter is such a naughty boy that no one likes him. (Peter là một cậu bé nghịch ngợm đến mức không ai thích cậu ấy.) The food is too hot. Jenny can’t eat it  => It is such hot food that Jenny can’t eat it. (Đó là đồ ăn đến nỗi Jenny không thể ăn được.) Anna’s voice is very soft. Everyone likes her => Anna has such a soft voice that everyone likes her. (Anna có một giọng hát nhẹ nhàng đến nỗi mọi người đều thích cô ấy.)

Bài tập về cấu trúc So that

Ex 1: Chọn đáp án đúng trong các câu sau

1. She is ________ girl!

A. such clever

B. so a clever

C. such a clever

D. so clever

2. It was _________ last night that I couldn’t sleep.

A. such a hot

B. so a hot

C. such hot

D. so hot

3. $500 a night for a hotel? That’s ________!

A. such expensive

B. such an expensive

C. so expensive

D. so an expensive

4. He was _________, he could run 5 miles in 30 minutes.

A. so fast runner

B. so a fast runner

C. such a fast runner

D. such a fast runner

5. The train was ________, it went from Shanghai to Beijing in only 10 hours.

A. so fast

B. such fast

C. such a fast

D. a so fast

6. The ocean in Los Angeles is usually ________.

A. such cold

B. such a cold

C. so cold

D. cold so

7. I can’t believe that John stole that woman’s purse. He was always ________.

A. so good boy

B. such a good boy

C. such a good boy

D. a such good boy

8. This restaurant has _________ of food, that it’s hard to decide what to order.

A. such selection

B. such a selection

C. a so selection

D.  so selection

9. How could you say ________ to your mother?

A. so awful thing

B. such an awful thing

C. such an awful thing

D. a so awful thing

10. She’s _______ gorgeous girl!

A. so a

B. so

C. such

D. such a

11. My father was _______ tired ______ he fell asleep while he was watching TV.

A. such a /that

B. such / so

C. so / such

D. so / that

12. There was ___________ a lot of traffic that I was ______ late for work.

A. so / such

B. such / so

C. such/such

D. so / so

13. It was ___ dark that I couldn’t see his face.

A. so

B. such

C. such a

D. so a

14. The hotel has ___ comfortable room that I don’t want to go out.

A. so much

B. so a

C. such a

D. such

15. The hotel has ___ comfortable room that I don’t want to go out.

A. so much

B. so a

C. such a

D. such

Đáp án:

1. C
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. B
9. C
10. D
11. D
12. B
13. A 
14. C
15. C

Ex 2: Điền so hoặc such

1. I spend ... much money that I can't save any.

2. Jimmy and Ken are ... alike that I can't tell one from another.

3. Shames is ... a nice dog that he never barks.

4. Those are ... great pictures that I never want to throw them away.

5. I am ... bored that I just want to sleep.

6. Our neighbors are ... kind that they let us borrow their lawn mower.

7. My back aches ... badly that I can't lift anything anymore.

8. Hawaii has ... amazing beaches that everyone wants to live there.

Đáp án:

1. so

2. so

3. such

4. such

5. so

6. so

7. so

8. such

Ex 3: Điền so hoặc such vào chỗ trống

1. It was ... dark that I couldn't see her face.

2. The day was ... hot that everybody went to the beach.

3. Most TV programmes are ... boring that nobody watches them.

4. We had ... horrible day that we felt depressed.

5. I'm having ... a wonderful time in Taghit that I don't want to go home.

6. This test was ... easy that I didn't need to check my answers.

7. The party was ... well organized that everybody had a great time.

8. We had ... long and tiring trip that we just wanted to go home.

9. He has ... beautiful voice that he should try to become a professional singer.

Đáp án:

1. So

2. So

3. So

4. Such

5. such

6. so

7. so

8. such

9. such

Ex 4: Hoàn thành đoạn văn với so / such

Finland is (1)_______ a nice place to go on winter holidays. The winter there is (2)_______ mild and welcoming! You

can do snowboarding, skating, skiing or any other winter sport, there are (3)_______ many possibilities. We found

(4)_______ a lovely hotel, and it was (5)_______ a short walk to the skiing slope. Well, winter season in Finland is not

(6)_______ cheap as we expected, but we had (7)_______ a great time there. It is (8)_______ tempting to come there

every winter, again and again.

Đáp án:

1. Such

2.So

3.So

4.Such 

5. Such 

6. So 

7. Such 

8. So

Ex 5: Viết lại câu sử dụng so that, such that

Example: It was so lonely there. -> It was such a lonely day there.

1. You have such a big and comfortable house!

-> .......

2. Her Swiss watch is so unique and expensive.

-> .......

3. She had such a busy preparation for her wedding.

-> .......

4. Your room is so untidy and not cozy.

-> .......

5. It was such an obvious decision for you.

-> .......

6. The exam was hard. I'm sure I won't pass.

-> .......

7. It was very cold. We had to stop the game.

-> .......
.
8. He is terribly rich. He can afford to buy almost anything.

-> .......
.
9. The speech was really long. Everybody was bored.

-> .......
.
10. I'm having a wonderful time. I don't want to leave.

-> .......

11. Skiing was a good experience. I decided to do it again.

-> .......
.
12. She's got an excellent English accent. Everybody thinks she is British.

-> .......
.
13. Thailand has got beautiful temples. Millions of tourists go there every year.

-> .......

Đáp án:

1. Your house is so big and comfortable!

2. She has such a unique and expensive Swiss watch.

3. Her preparation for the wedding was so busy.

4. You have such an untidy and not cozy room.

5. This decision was so obvious for you.

6.The exam was so hard that I'm sure I won't pass.

7. It was so cold that we had to stop the game

8. He is so rich that he can afford to buy anything

9. The speech was so long that everybody was bored

10. I'm having such a wonderful time that I don't want to leave.

11. Skiing was such a good experience that I decided to do it again

12. She's got such an excellent English accent that everybody thinks she is British

13. Thailand has got such beautiful temples that millions of tourists go there every year

Ex 6: Viết lại các câu sau sử dụng cấu trúc such that hoặc so that:

1/ She practices so diligently that she becomes a skilled pianist.

2/ My brother is such a good swimmer that he has won 6 gold medals.

3/ The movie was so scary that I couldn't sleep at night.

4/ The weather was so hot that we went to the beach.

5/ The room was so small so that we couldn't attend the meeting.

Đáp án:

1/ She is such a diligent practitioner such that she becomes a skilled pianist.

2/ My brother is such a good swimmer so that he has won 6 gold medals.

3/ The movie was such a scary one such that I couldn't sleep at night.

4/ The weather was such a hot one such that we went to the beach.

5/ The room was so small so that we couldn't attend the meeting.

Ex 7: Viết lại những câu sau

1. It was such an expensive house that nobody can buy it.

→ The house was so ________________________________________

2. The food was so good that we ate all of it.

→ It was __________________________________________________

3. The patient was too weak to get up.

→ The patient was so ________________________________________

4. This room is too dark for me to study.

→ This room is so __________________________________________

5. This room is too small for us to take the meeting

→ This room isn’t ___________________________________________

6. The test was so difficult that we couldn’t do it.

→ The test was not __________________________________________

7. The map is so old that I couldn’t read it.

→ The map is too ___________________________________________

8. He spoke so fast that we couldn’t hear him well

→ He didn’t ________________________________________________

Đáp án:

1. The house was so expensive that nobody can buy.

2. It was such good food that we ate all of.

3. The patient was so weak that he couldn’t get up.

4. This room is so dark that I can’t study.

5. This room isn’t large enough for us to take the meeting.

6. The test was not easy enough for us to do.

7. The map is too young for me to read.

8. He didn’t speak slowly enough for us to hear well.

Ex 8: Kết hợp những câu sau sử dụng "so……..that"

1. That woman was very tall. She could almost touch the ceiling.
__________________________________________________________
2. This coat is very big. I can't wear it.
__________________________________________________________
3. The coffee was so strong. She couldn't go to sleep.
__________________________________________________________
4. That bag was very heavy. None of us could carry it.
__________________________________________________________
5. The stadium is very large. It can hold 60,000 people.
__________________________________________________________
6. Those lessons are very difficult. He can't understand them.
__________________________________________________________
7. She was very busy. She couldn't do the housework.
__________________________________________________________
8. The climate was very bad. All the plants couldn't grow well.
__________________________________________________________
9. I'm very tired. I couldn't keep my eyes open.
__________________________________________________________
10. That boy is very lazy. He never does his homework.
__________________________________________________________

Đáp án:

1. That woman was so tall that she could almost touch the ceiling.

2. This coat is so big that I can't wear.

3. The coffee was so strong that she couldn't go to sleep.

4. That bag was so heavy that none of us could caryfn.

5. The stadium is so large that it can hold 60,000 people.

6. Those lessons are so difficult that he can't understand.

7. She was so busy that she couldn't do the housework.

8. The climate was so bad that all the plants couldn't grow well.

9. I'm so tired that I couldn't keep my eyes open.

10. That boy is so lazy that he never does his homework.

Ex 9: Viết lại câu sau thành dạng đảo ngữ

1. It was such a beautiful day that we decided to go for a picnic.

2. The movie was so entertaining that I watched it twice.

3. She is such a talented singer that she always mesmerizes the audience.

4. It was so delicious a meal that we couldn’t resist having seconds.

5. The dress was so expensive that I couldn’t afford to buy it.

Đáp án:

1. Such was the beauty of the day that we decided to go for a picnic.

2. So entertaining was the movie that I watched it twice.

3. So talented is she that she always mesmerizes the audience.

4. Such was the deliciousness of the meal that we couldn’t resist having seconds.

5. So expensive was the dress that I couldn’t afford to buy it.

Ex 10: Viết lại câu sử dụng cấu trúc so that hoặc such that

1. The movie was extremely scary, and I couldn’t sleep at night.

2. The traffic was very heavy, and we arrived late for the meeting.

3. The book was incredibly interesting, and I finished it in one day.

4. The music was so loud that it hurt my ears.

5. The problem was quite challenging, and it took me hours to solve it.

6. The weather was extremely hot, and we had to stay indoors.

7. The concert was amazing, and it left a lasting impression on me.

8. The news was shocking, and it made headlines worldwide.

9. The room was very small, and we couldn’t fit all the furniture in it.

10. The dish was incredibly delicious, and I couldn’t resist having seconds.

Đáp án:

1. The movie was so scary that I couldn’t sleep at night.

2. The traffic was so heavy that we arrived late for the meeting.

3. The book was such an interesting read that I finished it in one day.

4. The music was such a loud volume that it hurt my ears.

5. The problem was so challenging that it took me hours to solve it.

6. The weather was so hot that we had to stay indoors.

7. The concert was such an amazing experience that it left a lasting impression on me.

8. The news was so shocking that it made headlines worldwide.

9. The room was so small that we couldn’t fit all the furniture in it.

10. The dish was such a delicious treat that I couldn’t resist having seconds.

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