Thì tương lai đơn (Simple Future) | Lý thuyết, ví dụ đi kèm và bài tập vận dụng
Cấu trúc thì tương lai đơn:
| Thể khẳng định |
Ví dụ: Nga said that she will go to the theater this afternoon (Nga nói rằng cô ấy sẽ đến rạp chiếu phim chiều nay). |
|
| Thể phủ định |
Ví dụ: Nga said that she will not go to the theater this afternoon (Nga nói rằng cô ấy sẽ không đến rạp chiếu phim chiều nay). |
|
| Thể nghi vấn |
Lưu ý: will not = won’t, shall not = shan’t Ví dụ: Will Nga go to theater this afternoon? (Nga có đến rạp chiếu phim chiều nay không?) |
Cách dùng thì tương lai đơn:
| Cách dùng | Ví dụ |
| Thì tương lai đơn được sử dụng để diễn tả một quyết định tại thời điểm nói, quyết định đó không có kế hoạch từ trước |
|
| Thì tương lai đơn được sử dụng để đưa ra lời yêu cầu/ lời đề nghị/ lời mời |
|
| Thì tương lai đơn được sử dụng để diễn đạt dự đoán không có căn cứ |
|
| Thì tương lai đơn được sử dụng trong câu điều kiện loại 1, khi đó nó sẽ diễn tả một giả định có thể xảy ra trong hiện tại và tương lai |
|
Khi bạn gặp những từ sau đây trong 1 câu tiếng Anh thì bạn cần sử dụng thì tương lai đơn. Những dấu hiệu nhận biết thì tương lai đơn:
Dấu hiệu 1: Có trạng từ chỉ thời gian
Dấu hiệu 2: Có những động từ thể hiện quan điểm
Dấu hiệu 3: Có những trạng từ thể hiện quan điểm
Ex 1: Chia động từ
1. ___ you (take) ___ a trip to China next year?
2. We (build) ___ a new bridge in this province next week?
3. Tomorrow, her mother (send) ___ the letter to Ha Noi City.
4. My dad (send) ___ the letter when he goes to the post office.
5. If it rains, we (stay) ___ at home.
6. I think my team (win) ___ the game.
7. If my sister fail this test, her mother (take) ___ away her iPad.
8. His sister (be) ___ an actress.
9. Hoa (not visit) ___ tomorrow.
10. You (run) ___ to the school.
Đáp án:
1. will you take
2. will build
3. will send
4. will send
5. will stay
6. will win
7. will take
8. will be
9. won’t visit
10. will run
Ex 2: Sắp xếp lại các từ sau
1. pretty/catterpillar/turn/butterfly/the/a/turn/will
2. will/Mumbai/they/where/stay/when/visit/they/?
3. won’t/out/rains/I/not/go/if/it
4. is/to/principal/students/the/going/the/meet/tomorrow
5. me/she/soon/please/as/call/up/as/comes
6. we/unless/we/start/can’t/be/now/time/on
Đáp án:
1. The catterpillar will turn into a pretty butterfly.
2. Where will they stay when they visit Mumbai?
3. I won’t go out if it rains.
4. The principal is going to meet the students tomorrow.
5. Please call me up as soon as she comes.
6. Unless we start now we can’t be on time.
Ex 3: Hoàn thành đoạn văn bên dưới
Tomorrow, students _____ (assemble) in the school playground at 08:00 am, to go to Du Dong Village. They ___ (have) their school picnic. The bus _____ (arrive) at 8 am, sharp. We ____ (reach) the Du Donh Village at around 10 am. On reaching, students _____ (go) around to see various displays. The staff at the spot _____ (welcom) the students with flowers and scent perfumes. They _____ (offer) the student’s snacks. After they eat their snacks, children _____ (play) in the park. Around 12 am, all students ____ (assemble) for lunch. They ____ (sit) in a circle and _____ (sing) songs. At around 5 pm, students ____ (gather) near the bus. They ____ (board) the bus in a queue. At around 7 pm, they ____ (reach) school. Their parents ____ (pick) them up from school.
Đáp án:
1. will assemble
2. will have
3. will arrive
4. will reach
5. will go
6. will welcome
7. will offer
8. will play
9. will assemble
10. will sit
11. will sing
12. will gather
13. will board
14. will reach
15. will pick
Ex 4: Hoàn thành những câu sau đây bằng cách chia động từ ở thì tương lai đơn (will hoặc tobe going to)
1. When we get home, we ___________ (have) dinner.
2. I know they ___________ (feel) very happy if they win the match.
3. They’ve already decided on their next summer holiday. They ____________ (do) a tour of Norway.
4. She thinks that the Take That concert __________ (be) really exciting.
5. “What are your plans for this evening?” I ________ (meet) my friends and then go to a birthday party.
6. If you revise for the exam, I’m sure you ________ (get) a good result.
7. The weather forecast is good for the next few days. It _________ (be) very sunny.
8. I can’t come on the march tomorrow. I ___________ (look after) my cousins.
9. In the future, I think humans ___________ (wipe out) many different species.
10. He is buying some butter and eggs because he _________ (make) a cake later.
11. This homework is very easy. I know we __________ (do) it very quickly.
12. In five years time, I _____________ (be) at university.
13. She wants to get her mum a birthday present. But she _____________ (not buy) it today.
14. Their suitcases are packed. They ______________ (go) on holiday.
15. If we go to Paris, we ____________ (take) lots of pictures.
16. My brother thinks it ______________ (snow) tomorrow.
17. It’s very late! Hurry up or we ___________ (be) late for work.
18. Look at that boy at the top of that tree! He ___________ (fall).
19. When we go home, we ____________ (watch) TV. We don’t want to miss our favourite program.
20. I’m sure they ___________ (lose) the match.
Đáp án:
1. will have
2. will feel
3. are going to do
4. will be
5. am going to meet
6. will get
7. is going to be
8. am going to look after
9. will wipe out
10. is going to make
11. we’ll do
12. will be
13. is not going to buy
14. are going to go
15. will take
16. will snow
17. will be
18. is going to fall
19. will watch
20. will lose
Ex 5: Bài tập tương lai đơn – Chia dạng đúng của động từ
1. You (earn) a lot of money.
2. You (travel) around the world.
3. You (meet) lots of interesting people.
4. Everybody (adore) you.
5. You (not / have) any problems.
6. Many people (serve) you.
7. They (anticipate) your wishes.
8. There (not / be) anything left to wish for.
9. Everything (be) perfect.
10. But all these things (happen / only) if you marry me.
Đáp án:
1. will earn
2. will travel
3. will meet
4. will adore
5. will not have
6. will serve
7. will anticipate
8. will not be
9. will be
10. will only happen
Ex 6: Chọn đáp án đúng để hoàn thành câu cho trước
1. He _____ arrive on time.
A. will
B. is
C. not
2. Will your folks _____ before Tuesday?
A. leaving
B. leave
C. leaves
3. We _____ get there until after dark.
A. will
B. won’t
C. will’nt
4. We will _____ what your father says.
A. see
B. to see
C. seeing
5. I don’t ________ go swimming today.
A. think I
B. think I’ll
C. thinking
6. It ________ tomorrow.
A. will snow
B. snows
C. is snowing
7. We won’t ________ until we get there.
A. knowing
B. have know
C. know
8. I ________ back before Friday.
A. ‘ll be
B. will
C. am being
9. Will you _____ at the rehearsal on Saturday?
A. go
B. be
C. have
10. I’m going to the grocery store. I think _____ buy a turkey.
A. I’ve
B. I’ll
C. I’d
Đáp án:
1. A. will
2. B. leave
3. B. won’t
4. A. see
5. B. think I’ll
6. A. will snow
7. C. know
8. A. I’ll be
9. B. be
10. B. I’ll
Ex 7: Tìm và sửa lỗi sai
1. If she loves her job, what do she do?
2. We spend three weeks in Korea with our parents to find out.
3. The plant die because of lack of sunshine.
4. I think my teacher remember to do everything.
5. If it stop raining soon, they will play football in the yard.
Đáp án:
1. do she do ➔ will she do
2. spend ➔ will spend
3. die ➔ will die
4. remembers ➔ will remember
5. stop ➔ stops
Ex 8: Dùng từ gợi ý viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh.
1. She/ hope/ that/ Mary/ come/ party/ tonight.
…………………………………………………………………………
2. If/ you/ not/ study/ hard/,/ you/ not/ pass/ final/ exam.
…………………………………………………………………………
3. You/ look/ tired,/ so/ I/ bring/ you/ something/ eat.
…………………………………………………………………………
4. you/ please/ give/ me/ lift/ station?
…………………………………………………………………………
Đáp án:
1. She hopes that Mary will come to the party tonight.
2. If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass the final exam.
3. You look tired, so I will bring you something to eat.
4. Will you please give me a lift to the station?
Ex 9: Chọn đáp án đúng – Bài tập về thì tương lai đơn
1. Tomorrow I ________ (paint) all day.
A. will be painting B. will paint C. will be paint
2. By the time we get there, the store ________ (close).
A. will close B. will have closed C. closed
3. I ________ (see) you tomorrow at 3:00 PM.
A. will see B. see C. will be seeing
4. After we finish this video, I ________ (see) all of this director’s movies.
A. will see B. will be seeing C. will have seen
5. P1: Can I come over in an hour? P2: No, I ________ (clean) the house.
A. will clean B. will be cleaning C. clean
6. This time next week I ________ (drink) wine in Argentina.
A. will drink B. drink C. will be drinking
7. She doesn’t realize what kind of person he is, but she ________ (find out).
A. will find out B. will be finding out C. will have found out
8. She insulted me. I ________ (speak) to her again!
A. will never speak B. will never be speaking C. will have never spoken
9. If he continues drinking so fast, he ________ (drink) the whole bottle by midnight.
A. will drink B. will have drunk C. will be drinking
10. She ________ (tell) me when her birthday is.
A. will not have told B. will not be telling C. won’t tell
Đáp án:
1. A. will be painting
2. B. will have closed
3. A. will see
4. C. will have seen
5. B. will be cleaning
6. C. will be drinking
7. A. will find out
8. A. will never speak
9. B. will have drunk
10. C. won’t tell
Ex 10: Hoàn thành những cuộc hội thoại sau đây bằng cách điền “will” hoặc “tobe going to” vào chỗ trống
1. A: We don’t have any bread.
B: I know. I __________________ get some from the shop.
2. A: We don’t have any bread.
B: Really? I __________________ get some from the shop then.
3. A: Why do you need to borrow my suitcase?
B: I __________________ visit my mother in Scotland next month.
4. A: I’m really cold.
B: I __________________ turn the heating on.
5. A: Are you going to John’s party tonight?
B: Yes. Are you going too? I __________________ give you a lift.
6. A: What are your plans after you leave university?
B: I __________________ work in a hospital in Africa. I leave on the 28th.
7. (The phone rings)
A: I __________________ get it!
8. A: Are you ready to order?
B: I can’t decide … Okay, I __________________ have the steak, please.
9. A: Are you busy tonight? Would you like to have coffee?
B: Sorry. I __________________ go to the library. I’ve been planning to study all day.
10. A: Why are you carrying a hammer?
B: I __________________ put up some pictures.
Đáp án:
1. I’m going to
2. I’ll
3. I’m going to
4. I’ll
5. I’ll
6. I’m going to
7. I’ll
8. I’ll
9. I’m going to
10. I’m going to
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