WHILST là gì? | Cách phân biệt WHILST và WHILE trong tiếng Anh - Bài tập vận dụng

WHILST là gì? | Cách phân biệt WHILST và WHILE trong tiếng Anh - Bài tập vận dụng

While trong tiếng Anh là gì?

• Ý nghĩa: Sau đây là một số ý nghĩa của While trong tiếng Anh, cụ thể:
  • Danh từ: [khoảng] thời gian
  • Động từ: lãng phí, để trôi qua; giết (thì giờ)
  • Liên từ: trong lúc, trong khi, khi/ mặc dù, dù
• Cấu trúc:

While + subject + verb

• Cách dùng: Dùng While để nói về 2 hành động nào đó xảy ra gần như cùng 1 lúc với nhau (kéo dài trong một khoảng thời gian nào đó). Mệnh đề chính trong câu sẽ không chứa While chúng ta có thể chia ở dạng không tiếp diễn trong một số trường hợp nhất định. Còn mệnh đề chứa While, chúng ta thường chia động từ trong mệnh đề đó ở dạng tiếp diễn. Ví dụ: He was playing badminton while she was listening to music. (Anh ấy đang chơi cầu lông trong khi cô ấy đang nghe nhạc.)
• Ví dụ:
  • While she was watering, her baby slept. (Trong khi cô ấy đang tưới nước, đứa con của cô ấy đã ngủ.)
  • You can go swimming in the pool while I’m having lunch. (Bạn có thể đi bơi trong hồ bơi trong khi tôi đang ăn trưa.)
• Lưu ý: While không có nghĩa tương tự như When:

Whilst trong tiếng Anh là gì?

Tiếp theo, chúng ta cùng điểm qua ý nghĩa, cách dùng và ví dụ của Whilst trước khi đi phân biệt Whilst và While:

• Ý nghĩa: Whilst có nghĩa là trong đó, vào lúc đó, cùng lúc đó.
• Cách dùng: Whilst được sử dụng tương tự như While nhưng Whilst là từ formal hơn, vậy nên thường sử dụng trong IELTS Writing.
• Ví dụ:
  • Whilst the results of this research are certainly interesting, we are far from conclusive. (Mặc dù kết quả của nghiên cứu này chắc chắn rất thú vị, nhưng chúng ta vẫn chưa thể kết luận được.)
  • In some countries, it is illegal to drive whilst holding a mobile phone. (Ở một số quốc gia, việc lái xe trong khi cầm điện thoại di động là bất hợp pháp.)

Cách phân biệt Whilst và While trong tiếng Anh

1. Sự giống nhau giữa Whilst và While

Khi sử dụng như liên từ – conjunctions trong câu hoặc trạng từ quan hệ – relative adverbs trong câu, 2 từ while và whilst được dùng với ý nghĩa giống nhau và dễ dàng thay thế cho nhau. Ví dụ:

• Anna felt so lonely whilst/while Peter was away for work. (Anna cảm thấy rất cô đơn trong khi Peter đi làm.)
• Whilst/While my best friend was dancing on the floor, her husband couldn’t help staring at her. (Trong khi người bạn thân nhất của tôi đang khiêu vũ trên sàn, chồng cô ấy không thể không nhìn chằm chằm vào cô ấy.)

2. Sự khác biệt giữa Whilst và While

Dưới đây là cách phân biệt Whilst và While chi tiết nhất trong tiếng Anh, cụ thể đó là:

• Trong một câu, While có thể được sử dụg như là danh từ – noun, động từ – verb hoặc giới từ – preposition. Tuy nhiên, cũng là trong câu đó thì Whilst không thể được sử dụng cho các chức năng được liệt kê phía trên. Ví dụ:
  • The phone rang while they were having dinner at a restaurant. (Điện thoại reo khi họ đang ăn tối tại một nhà hàng.)
  • I am writing up this part of the diary whilst my colleague waiting for the coach. (Tôi đang viết phần nhật ký này trong khi đồng nghiệp của tôi đang đợi huấn luyện viên.)
• Trong Anh Anh và Anh Mỹ, While được sử dụng phổ biến hơn Whilst. Tuy nhiên trong văn viết, đặc biệt là IELTS Writing mọi người thường sử dụng Whilst nhiều hơn để thể hiện sự trang trọng.

Bài tập phân biệt Whilst và While

Bài 1. Chọn ý đúng

1. I tried to stay dry……………it’s raining heavily. (whilst/ while/ cả 2)

2. I closed my eyes and enjoy the fresh air for a…………… (whilst/ while/ cả 2)

3. We……………away all the weekend staying at home and watching movies. (whilst/ while/ cả 2)

Đáp án: cả hai; while; whiled

Bài 2. Lựa chọn while hoặc whilst để điền vào chỗ trống sau đây:

1. I tried to stay focus (whilst/while) the traffic noise was very loud outside.

2. My friends and I closed our eyes and enjoy the fresh air for a (whilst/while) in Da Lat city

3. David and Lyn (whilsted/whiled) away all the weekend staying at home and listening to music

4. (Whilst/While) William was super into Maths, his sister is absolutely hopeless.

5. (Whilst/While) Lisa is willing to do it, she does not have much spare time for you.

6. After a (whilst/while) our child started to sleep

Đáp án: 

1 - cả while và whilst đều được

2 - while

3 - whiled

4 - While

5 - While

6 - while

Bài 3: Chọn từ thích hợp Whilst hoặc While để hoàn thành các câu sau:

1. _____ I was studying for the exam, my friends were having a party.

2. The teacher explained the lesson _____ the students took notes.

3. _____ you were shopping, I waited for you at the cafe.

4. _____ the rain was pouring, we decided to stay home and watch a movie.

5. I haven’t seen you in a _____. How have you been?

6. ________ I was waiting for the doctor, I read a magazine.

7. She was talking on the phone ________ she was driving. 

8. ________ I enjoy watching movies, I prefer reading books.

9. The children were playing outside ________ their parents were watching TV.

10. Let’s spend a _____ relaxing on the beach.

Đáp án:

1. Whilst / while 

2. While (liên từ đứng ở giữa câu, thường dùng while hơn whilst)

3. Whilst / while

4. Whilst / while 

5. while (vị trí cần điền là danh từ, whilst không được sử dụng như danh từ)

6. Whistle / while

7. while (liên từ đứng ở giữa câu, thường dùng while hơn whilst)

8. Whistle / while

9. while (liên từ đứng ở giữa câu, thường dùng while hơn whilst)

10. while (vị trí cần điền là danh từ, whilst không được sử dụng như danh từ)

Bài 4: Điền từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống: while, whereas, a while hay when

1. Lucy, will you lay the table _____ I help your sister with her math exercise, please.

2. The twins are very different: Paul is shy and reserved _____ Dennis is outgoing.

3. He choked _____ he was eating and then had to be taken to hospital for an X-ray.

4. At school, I have difficulties with languages _____ I’m very good at Maths. I don’t know why...

5. Will you watch the baby _____ I’m taking care of getting your luggage ready?

6. Dad would like to have a holiday in Spain _____ Mom would prefer Italy...

7. In India, August is quite a cool month _____ it can be quite scorching in Chicago.

8. Would you like a soda _____ you’re waiting for Adam?

9. My secretary will answer my phone calls _____ I’m away abroad.

10. My aunt Sophie is a doctor _____ Uncle Pete is a dentist.

11. _____ I was sitting on the seafront, I spent _____ looking at the boats in the distance.

Đáp án:

Bài 5: Hoàn thành bài tập sau đây bằng cách sử dụng kiến thức đã học về cấu trúc when và while trong tiếng Anh.

1. I was having breakfast ___ the telephone rang.

2. ___ they were sleeping, someone broke into their house.

3. He slept ___ I cooked dinner.

4. ___ you knocked on the door, she opened it immediately.

5. I frequently played in the park with my friends ___ I was younger.

6. They saw the promotional event ___ they were on their way home.

7. The dog is sleeping on the couch ___ she is watching TV.

8. Last week, a raccoon got into the garbage ___ we were away.

9. They encountered many problems ___ they started the business.

10. ___ trying to wash away the stain, he inadvertently scratched his car.

Đáp án:

Bài 6: Điền dạng đúng của động từ.

1. While his mom ___ (work) in the garden, he was helping his dad with the car.

2. The storm arrived when the students ___ (have) a test.

3. He ___ (drive) at the speed of 90km/h when the policeman stopped him.

4. Larry broke his watch while he ___ (climb) the mountain.

5. When he ___ (finishes) high school, he wants to go to a University in New York.

6. She met one of her close friends while she ___ (travel) on a train.

7. When she woke up this morning, her parents ___ (go) to work.

8. She came home when he ___ (hang) his reward on the wall.

9. When the result had finally ___ (announced), the whole team burst into happiness.

10. She saw the accident when she ___ (exit) the bus.

Đáp án:

1. While his mom was working in the garden, he was helping his dad with the car.

2. The storm arrived when the students were having a test.

3. He was driving at the speed of 90km/h when the policeman stopped him.

4. Larry broke his watch while he was climbing the mountain.

5. When he finishes high school, he wants to go to a University in New York.

6. She met one of her close friends while she was traveling on a train.

7. When she woke up this morning, her parents had gone to work.

8. She came home when he was hanging his reward on the wall.

9. When the result had finally been announced, the whole team burst into happiness.

10. She saw the accident when she was exiting the bus.

Bài 7: Điền dạng đúng của động từ.

1. While his mom ___ (work) in the garden, he was helping his dad with the car.

2. The storm arrived when the students ___ (have) a test.

3. He ___ (drive) at the speed of 90km/h when the policeman stopped him.

4. Larry broke his watch while he ___ (climb) the mountain.

5. When he ___ (finishes) high school, he wants to go to a University in New York.

6. She met one of her close friends while she ___ (travel) on a train.

7. When she woke up this morning, her parents ___ (go) to work.

8. She came home when he ___ (hang) his reward on the wall.

9. When the result had finally ___ (announced), the whole team burst into happiness.

10. She saw the accident when she ___ (exit) the bus.

Đáp án:

1. While I was making dinner, my sister was watching television. (Lưu ý dấu phẩy)

2. We were watching the movie called “King Kong” when a friend came over. (Hai hành động diễn ra đồng thời, một hành động xen vào.)

3. While we were watching the movie, we were laughing about its unlikely plot. (Hai hành động đồng thời tiếp diễn.)

4. When the movie ended, we turned off the TV. (Hai hành động diễn ra liên tiếp, hành động 1 kết thúc thì hành động 2 diễn ra.)

5. While I was talking on the phone, my friend was reading magazines. (Hai hành động đồng thời tiếp diễn.)

6. My friend stood up to leave when it was midnight. (Hai hành động tiếp diễn nhau, có yếu tố thời gian.)

7. When he touched the doorknob, we heard a thud on the roof. (Hai hành động diễn ra liên tiếp, hành động 1 kết thúc thì hành động 2 diễn ra.)

8. When he looked at me, I said, “King Kong?” (Hai hành động diễn ra liên tiếp, hành động 1 kết thúc thì hành động 2 diễn ra.)

9. We saw nothing but leaves and branches when he opened the front door. (Lưu ý không có dấu phẩy)

10. When morning came, a truck lifted our “King Kong” off the roof. (Hai hành động tiếp diễn nhau, có yếu tố thời gian.)

Bài 8: Chọn đáp án đúng cho những câu trắc nghiệm dưới đây

1. We …… in the park when it started to storm so we went home.

A. finished

B. finishing

C. were finishing

D. are finishing

2. My father found some money while he …… his pants.

A. packing

B. package

C. are packing

D. was packing

3. My sister ……… in Ukraine when she met his boyfriend.

A. study

B. was studying

C. were study

D. was study

4. My grandfather tried a hamburger for the first time while she ………. in Cambodia.

A. staying

B. is staying

C. is stayed

D. was staying

5. My father ………. in the beach when he saw a clownfish.

A. was swimming

B. was swimming

C. were swimming

D. were swimming

6. ……. it ……. when you went to school this morning?

A. Is….raining

B. was ….. raining

C. is….rain

D.were…… raining

7. What …….. when the Maths teacher came?

A. were you doing

B. was you doing

C. are you doing

D. are you doing

8. What did you watch on television while you …….. lunch yesterday?

A. were having

B. was having

C. were having

D. was having

9. John ………. his letter for his girlfriend in the post office at that time.

A. is sending

B. was sending

C. sending

D. was sending

10. It ………and cloudy when we left Australia.

A. was rain

B. was raining

C. is raining

D. raining

Đáp án:

Bài 9: Chia động từ trong ngoặc.

1. She met him while she _______ (travel) on a train.

2. While the woman was getting off the bus, she _______ (fall down).

3. The thief ________ (break) into while we were sleeping.

4. Lan took a photo while I ________ (not/look).

5. While my mum was working in the garden, she ________ (hurt) her back.

6. We were living in Hanoi when our old aunt _______ (die).

7. When I got up this morning, it___________ (rain) heavily.

8. While my dad was brushing teeth, my mum ________ (fall asleep).

9. I saw a nightmare while I _______ (sleep) last night.

10. What happened in your dream while a monster ________ (chase) you?

11. He _______ (study) Chemistry when my friends _______ (come) around.

12. While Hoa _______ (walk) in the street, she ______ (meet) her ex.

13. Her baby ________ (wake) up while she ______(wash) the dish.

14. He________(work) when her wife _______ (phone) him.

15. The students ________ (have) a test when the storm _______ (start).

Đáp án:

1. was travelling

2. fell down

3. broke

4. was not looking

5. hurt

6. died

7. was raining

8. fell asleep

9. was sleeping

10. was chasing

11. was studying – came

12. was walking – met

13. woke up – was washing

14. was working – phoned

15. were having – started

Bài 10: Hoàn thành câu với when hoặc while.

1. He was there quite a ______(when/while).

2. You’ll be fine in a ______(when/while).

3. Nhi is very outgoing, ______(when/while) Hoa is shy and quite.

4. I was cooking ______(when/while) suddenly I heard a noise.

5. ______(when/while) Rose was reading a book, her husband went to work.

6. ______(when/while) San and Kat were eating in the kitchen, the doorbell rang.

7. Benda was playing in a volleyball team ______(when/while) he was a kid.

8. Jack came home ______(when/while) her brother was playing games.

9. ______(when/while) Nhi was crying, the rain started.

Đáp án: 

1. While

2. While

3. While

4. While

5. When

6. When

7. When

8. When

9. While

Bài 11: Hoàn thành câu với when hoặc while.

1. I first met my future husband (when/while) ………….. I was staying in Ho Chi Minh City.

2. (when/while) …………..  I was talking to my uncle on the phone, my mom came home.

3. We were playing cards (when/while) …………. the lights went off.

4. (when/while) …………..  John was working, he often listened to music.

5. (when/while) …………..  I was in my hometown, power cuts were very frequent.

6. He called me (when/while) ………….. I was taking a shower in the bathroom.

7. Crystal was very unhappy (when/while) ………….. things weren’t going well for her.

Đáp án:

1. I first met my future husband while I was staying in Ho Chi Minh City.

2. While I was talking to my uncle on the phone, my mom came home.

3. We were playing cards when the lights went off.

4. While John was working, he often listened to music.

5. When I was in my hometown, power cuts were very frequent.

6. He called me while I was taking a shower in the bathroom.

7. Crystal was very unhappy when things weren’t going well for her.

Bài 12: Hoàn thành câu với đáp án trong ngoặc.

1. It (rained/raining/was raining)……………….when I (got up/was getting up/did get up)………..this morning.

2. When my dad (arriving/arrived/was arriving)………home, we (were having/had/are having)……………..dinner.

3. The neighbors (playing/played/were playing)……………loud music when I (was calling/called/calling)……………the police.

4. She (broke/was breaking/breaking) ……………her leg while she (rode/was riding/riding) …………her bike.

5. While they (was watching/watched/were watching)………a horror movie, they (heard/ were hearing/heared) ……………….a strange noise.

6. He (felt/was feeling/feeling)……………sick while he (swimming/swam/was swimming)………..in the pool.

7. I (did/was doing/doing) …………….my homework when the lights (going/went/was going)………out.

8. The police (caught/catching/was catching)………………..him while he (was stealing/stolen/stole)………………a TV from a store.

9. When I (was seeing/saw/seeing)…………….them, they (sat/were sitting/sitting)………….. under a tree in the park.

10. He (lost/was losing/losing) …………………… his favorite grasses while he (was skiing/skied/skiing)……………………in the mountains. 

Đáp án:

1. was raining/got up

2. arrived/were having

3. played/was calling

4. broke/was riding

5. were watching/heard

6. felt/was swimming

7. was doing/went

8. caught/was stealing

9. saw/were sitting

10. lost/was skiing

Bài 13:

1. They were playing in the park ________ it started to rain.

2. ________ I was studying for the exam, my phone rang.

3. The children were laughing loudly ________ they were watching a funny movie.

4. ________ he was cooking dinner, I was setting the table.

5. I always listen to music ________ I’m jogging in the morning.

Đáp án:

1. while

2. When

3. while

4. While

5. while

6. When

Bài 14: Chia động từ trong ngoặc về với dạng đúng của chúng.

1. I ______ (study) Korean when my best friend _____ (come) over.

2. The children _____ (play) badminton while their mother _____ (cook) dinner.

3. We _____ (have) a picnic when it suddenly _____ (start) raining.

4. Julia _____ (sleep) while her phone _____ (ring).

5. I _____ (write) my essay while my brother _____ (play)  in the background.

6. He _____ (fall) off his bike while he _____ (ride) downhill.

7. We _____ (go) to the beach when a big storm _____ (approach).

8. She _____ (study) while her roommate _____ (vacuum) the room loudly.

9. I _____ (watch) a movie when my friend _____ (call) me.

10. While she ______ (walk) in the park, she _____ (meet) an old teacher.

Đáp án:

1. was studying – came 

2. were playing – were cooking

3. were having – started 

4. was sleeping – was ringing

5. was writing – was playing

6. fell – was riding

7. went – was approaching

8. was studying – was vacuuming

9. was watching – called 

10. was walking – met 

Bài 15: Điền vào chỗ trống when hoặc while cho thích hợp

1. _______ I was cooking dinner, my sister was setting the table.

2. He likes to listen to music _______ he exercises.

3. _______ I was studying for the exam, my friends went to the movies.

4. _______ she was walking in the park, she found a lost dog.

5. I will call you _______ I arrive at the station.

6. _______ we were waiting for the bus, it started to rain.

7. _______ I was watching TV, the power went out.

8. She enjoys reading books _______ sipping her morning coffee.

9. _______ I was traveling in Europe, I visited many famous landmarks.

10. _______ my parents were away, I had to take care of my younger siblings.

Đáp án:

1. While

2. while

3. When

4. While

5. when

6. While

7. When

8. while

9. When

10. When

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